<p>This research introduces novel center-like subsets, denoted as <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11565_2025_592_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="65" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(C^{\star }_{1} (\mathfrak {S}, \Gamma )\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>C</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mo>⋆</mo> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="fraktur">S</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11565_2025_592_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="64" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(C_{2} (\mathfrak {S}, \Gamma )\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="fraktur">S</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, and <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11565_2025_592_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="65" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(C^{\star }_{2} (\mathfrak {S}, \Gamma )\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>C</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mo>⋆</mo> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="fraktur">S</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, where <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11565_2025_592_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="16" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathfrak {S}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="fraktur">S</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> represents the ring and <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11565_2025_592_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="12" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Gamma \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> denoted the (L,R)-generalized derivation. The study presents an innovative derivation for previously established center-like subsets and examines the interrelationships between these sets. Moreover, this investigation extends existing theorems by employing (L,R)-generalized derivations, in contrast to the conventional derivations utilized in prior research. The work also provides original proofs for a variety of center-like sets. To substantiate the necessity of the proposed hypotheses, the paper is supplemented with illustrative examples.</p>

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Generalized derivations with center-like subsets in prime rings

  • Ahmed Aboubakr

摘要

This research introduces novel center-like subsets, denoted as \(C^{\star }_{1} (\mathfrak {S}, \Gamma )\) C 1 ( S , Γ ) , \(C_{2} (\mathfrak {S}, \Gamma )\) C 2 ( S , Γ ) , and \(C^{\star }_{2} (\mathfrak {S}, \Gamma )\) C 2 ( S , Γ ) , where \(\mathfrak {S}\) S represents the ring and \(\Gamma \) Γ denoted the (L,R)-generalized derivation. The study presents an innovative derivation for previously established center-like subsets and examines the interrelationships between these sets. Moreover, this investigation extends existing theorems by employing (L,R)-generalized derivations, in contrast to the conventional derivations utilized in prior research. The work also provides original proofs for a variety of center-like sets. To substantiate the necessity of the proposed hypotheses, the paper is supplemented with illustrative examples.