Contested space and religious disaffiliations: How young, agnostic Muslims rise in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
摘要
The emergence of agnosticisms among the current young generation, especially young Muslims have revealed psycho-trauma experiences that led them to be agnostic in Indonesia. Doctrinal religious understanding / practices and neighbourhood environment have traumatized them and then made them abandon the mandatory religious rituals. Religious disaffiliation in Indonesia is not a recent development, but rather a phenomenon that has changed over the course of generations. Due to government pressure that falsely accused them of being communists, the non-believers of previous generations, who had to keep their beliefs secret, often chose religion other than Islam to hide their views. It allowed them to avoid the frequent group prayers that Muslims observe, enabling them to appear as believers from an administrative perspective. Compared to past generations of closeted non-believers, current generations who identify as agnostic are more open, a phenomenon that can be attributed to cafe culture, particularly in Yogyakarta. These findings differ from those of other young Muslims in predominantly Muslim countries, who are closed and exclusive in online media spaces.