<p>This article deals with the intersection of religion, polemics, and identity in the lyrics of Vinnie Paz, a key figure in the US underground hip-hop scene. It explores how Vinnie Paz, raised Catholic and later converting to Islam, in part uses his music to contrast “Islam” and “Christianity,” often positioning them as two antagonists. This study focuses on Vinnie Paz’s use of signifiers perceived as Islamic. They are drawn from mainstream and African-American Islamic discourses, including Five-Percenter teachings, to articulate Islam in militant and morally and intellectually superior terms while denouncing Christianity as deceitful and morally corrupt, especially the (Roman) Catholic tradition of interpretation. The latter is partly done by framing the Catholic Church within conspiracy theories. Analyzing a textual body drawn from 14 albums over a 15-year-period, the article identifies recurring themes and employs a social constructionist approach, treating Islam and Christianity as a dynamic and fluid set of beliefs and practices. This study contributes to the discourse on religion in hip-hop by inquiring how Vinnie Paz constructs his Muslim identity in contrast to his Catholic upbringing and Christians at large, filling a gap in existing research on signifiers perceived as Islamic in US hip-hop music and culture. The study at hand also highlights potential avenues for further research, including studies on how Vinnie Paz’s Muslim identity and rhetoric affect his fan base, the evolution of his use of signifiers perceived as Islamic in response to global events such as the 9/11 terror attacks and the ensuing War on Terror, and the prevalence of anti-Catholic/anti-Christian conspiracy theories among US hip-hop artists who identify themselves as Muslims.</p>