Niereninsuffizienz und onkologische Erkrankungen – eine Wechselbeziehung

Renal failure and oncological diseases have a complex interrelationship. They share common risk factors and causes, and the specific treatment of one condition can contribute to the development of the other. The incidence of chronic renal failure in oncological diseases is underestimated in the risk stratification tools for various tumor diseases; however, acute or chronic renal failure is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. The specific cause should be identified as early as possible in order to improve the prognosis. Conversely, chronic kidney failure per se appears to increase the incidence of cancer. Intensified interdisciplinary cooperation is required for the early detection of kidney and tumor diseases in high-risk patients and also for optimized pharmacological treatment and is illustrated by the term onconephrology. Nephrologists in particular need to expand their understanding of tumor biology and current oncological treatment approaches.