Infektionen bei Nierentransplantation

Kidney transplant recipients have a significantly increased risk of infections, which can threaten both health and transplant function. Targeted strategies for prophylaxis and monitoring exist for some of the most common pathogens and should be considered in routine posttransplantation follow-up care.

This article provides a comprehensive overview of the approach to prevention and treatment of infections with cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and with pneumocystis jirovecii.

Selective literature review of the PubMed database.

Knowledge of risk factors, regular performance of virus PCRs, and anti-infective prophylaxis during periods with a high infection risk, constitute the mainstay of preventing infectious complications following kidney transplantation. Adjustment of immunosuppression is often necessary in cases of existing infections.

Infections are a frequent issue after transplantation but can be successfully treated in many cases. Vigilant outpatient transplantation follow-up plays a crucial role here.