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<p>Species within the genus <i>Armillaria</i> play crucial roles in the cultivation and industrial development of <i>Gastrodia elata</i> and <i>Polyporus umbellatus</i>. Both <i>G. elata</i> and <i>P. umbellatus</i> are incapable of reproduction and survival without a symbiotic relationship with <i>Armillaria</i>; however, not all species of <i>Armillaria</i> are capable of forming such symbiosis. Previous studies have identified certain symbiotic <i>Armillaria</i> species, but earlier identification methods for <i>Armillaria</i> have proven to be inaccurate, and a new identification system was built recently. In this study, newly developed barcoding techniques were employed to identify symbiotic <i>Armillaria</i> species. The results indicated that two genes—<i>actin</i> and <i>HISPS</i>—were sufficient for the identification of symbiotic <i>Armillaria</i> species. This study represents the first accurate identification of <i>Armillaria</i> species associated with <i>G. elata</i> and <i>P. umbellatus</i>, revealing that eight <i>Armillaria</i> species are symbiotic with <i>G. elata</i>, also eight species can form symbiotic relationships with <i>P. umbellatus</i>. Among these, five <i>Armillaria</i> species were found to be symbiotic with both <i>G. elata</i> and <i>P. umbellatus</i>, while three distinct <i>Armillaria</i> species were identified as symbiotic with each host separately. <i>A. gallica</i> emerged as the predominant species in symbiosis with both <i>G. elata</i> and <i>P. umbellatus</i>. Additionally, two and four <i>Armillaria</i> species symbiotic with <i>G. elata</i> and <i>P. umbellatus</i> were newly discovered separately. Besides, two <i>Armillaria</i> species isolated from adjacent tubers within the same hole were discovered for the first time. These findings would promote a deeper understanding of the symbiotic mechanisms and facilitate the industrial development of both <i>G. elata</i> and <i>P. umbellatus</i>.</p>

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Species diversity of Armillaria symbiotic with Gastrodia elata and Polyporus umbellatus in China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月3日

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  • Shoujian Li,
  • Bing Li,
  • Youyan Liu,
  • Xinlei Xu,
  • Shunxing Guo

摘要

Species within the genus Armillaria play crucial roles in the cultivation and industrial development of Gastrodia elata and Polyporus umbellatus. Both G. elata and P. umbellatus are incapable of reproduction and survival without a symbiotic relationship with Armillaria; however, not all species of Armillaria are capable of forming such symbiosis. Previous studies have identified certain symbiotic Armillaria species, but earlier identification methods for Armillaria have proven to be inaccurate, and a new identification system was built recently. In this study, newly developed barcoding techniques were employed to identify symbiotic Armillaria species. The results indicated that two genes—actin and HISPS—were sufficient for the identification of symbiotic Armillaria species. This study represents the first accurate identification of Armillaria species associated with G. elata and P. umbellatus, revealing that eight Armillaria species are symbiotic with G. elata, also eight species can form symbiotic relationships with P. umbellatus. Among these, five Armillaria species were found to be symbiotic with both G. elata and P. umbellatus, while three distinct Armillaria species were identified as symbiotic with each host separately. A. gallica emerged as the predominant species in symbiosis with both G. elata and P. umbellatus. Additionally, two and four Armillaria species symbiotic with G. elata and P. umbellatus were newly discovered separately. Besides, two Armillaria species isolated from adjacent tubers within the same hole were discovered for the first time. These findings would promote a deeper understanding of the symbiotic mechanisms and facilitate the industrial development of both G. elata and P. umbellatus.