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<p>Two new species of <i>Cyttaria</i> (<i>Ascomycota</i>, <i>Helotiales</i>), obligate biotrophic associates of <i>Nothofagaceae</i>, are described from the Patagonian Andean forests in Argentina (Chubut and Tierra del Fuego provinces). <i>Cyttaria gamundiae</i> and <i>C. pumilionis</i> were found parasitizing branches of <i>Nothofagus pumilio</i> and morphologically resemble <i>C. hookeri</i> and <i>C. hariotii</i>, respectively. Morphological traits were documented through microscopy, while genetic identification was performed using three molecular markers: double-stranded partial nucSSU, nucLSU, and <i>TEF1</i>. Phylogenetic analyses were carried out to determine species relationships and variability. Results revealed morphological differences, though subtle, among the analyzed <i>Cyttaria</i> specimens, supporting the presence of distinct species within the studied region. Molecular data corroborated these findings, showing genetic divergence that aligns with previously described species boundaries. The existence of pseudocryptic species in the genus is highlighted and challenges pathogen/host relationships concepts. A key for species identification is provided. These findings contribute to a better understanding of <i>Cyttaria</i> diversity and evolution in Patagonian ecosystems. The integration of morphological and molecular approaches provides a robust framework for species identification, essential for future ecological research and conservation efforts.</p>

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Re-examination of the Southern Hemisphere edible genus Cyttaria (Ascomycota, Helotiales) and characterization of two new species from Patagonia

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月8日

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  • Yamila Arias,
  • Gabriela C. González,
  • Mario Rajchenberg,
  • María Belén Pildain,
  • Carolina Barroetaveña

摘要

Two new species of Cyttaria (Ascomycota, Helotiales), obligate biotrophic associates of Nothofagaceae, are described from the Patagonian Andean forests in Argentina (Chubut and Tierra del Fuego provinces). Cyttaria gamundiae and C. pumilionis were found parasitizing branches of Nothofagus pumilio and morphologically resemble C. hookeri and C. hariotii, respectively. Morphological traits were documented through microscopy, while genetic identification was performed using three molecular markers: double-stranded partial nucSSU, nucLSU, and TEF1. Phylogenetic analyses were carried out to determine species relationships and variability. Results revealed morphological differences, though subtle, among the analyzed Cyttaria specimens, supporting the presence of distinct species within the studied region. Molecular data corroborated these findings, showing genetic divergence that aligns with previously described species boundaries. The existence of pseudocryptic species in the genus is highlighted and challenges pathogen/host relationships concepts. A key for species identification is provided. These findings contribute to a better understanding of Cyttaria diversity and evolution in Patagonian ecosystems. The integration of morphological and molecular approaches provides a robust framework for species identification, essential for future ecological research and conservation efforts.