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<p>In previous research, we found that <i>Paraconiothyrium estuarinum</i> and <i>P. cyclothyrioides</i>, isolated as endophytes, promote the growth of forage grasses and inhibit <i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.</i> This study aimed to characterize five isolates of these species by production of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase, gibberellin, indole-3-acetic acid, siderophores, total phenolic content, volatile compounds, and antioxidant capacity. The morphology of both species was consistent with that described in the literature, and the production of asexual spores stored in pycnidia was confirmed after 30&#xa0;days of cultivation in PDA. The ACC deaminase activity and the production of indole-3-acetic acid with or without exogenous tryptophan were greatest for <i>P. estuarinum</i> (CML 3696). The production of gibberellin was highest for <i>P. cyclothyrioides</i> isolates with a maximum peak on the 20<sup>th</sup> day. <i>Paraconiothyrium estuarinum</i> (CML 3699) and <i>P. cyclothyrioides</i> (CML 3698) showed the highest siderophore production. The highest total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and oxygen radical absorption capacity were found in <i>P. estuarinum</i> (CML 3695 and CML 3699). <i>Paraconiothyrium cyclothyrioides</i> exhibited the greatest free radical elimination activity. The HPLC fingerprints (280&#xa0;nm) indicated the presence of phenolic compounds, catechin, resveratrol, and acid caffeic, chlorogenic, gallic, <i>m</i>-coumaric, <i>o</i>-coumaric, <i>p</i>-coumaric, and syringic, as well as the alkaloids theobromine and trigonelline in fungal extracts. <i>Paraconiothyrium</i> isolates produced different classes of volatile organic compounds, including ethanol, 3-methyl-butanol, phenylethyl alcohol, ethyl, isopentyl benzoate, and the terpene β-chamigrene. Characterization of <i>Paraconiothyrium</i> isolates contributes to understanding the probable mechanisms involved in the fungus/plant association that can promote the growth of the host plant and control disease.</p>

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Characterization of Paraconiothyrium endophytes from Brazilian grasses

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月2日

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  • Sarah da Silva Costa Guimarães,
  • Yulimar Castro,
  • Alessandra Aparecida Ferreira,
  • Bárbara Mourão,
  • Aline Norberto Ferreira,
  • Márcio Pozzobon Pedroso,
  • Suzan Kelly Vilela Bertolucci,
  • Lidiany Mendonça Zacaroni Lima,
  • Patrícia Gomes Cardoso

摘要

In previous research, we found that Paraconiothyrium estuarinum and P. cyclothyrioides, isolated as endophytes, promote the growth of forage grasses and inhibit Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. This study aimed to characterize five isolates of these species by production of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase, gibberellin, indole-3-acetic acid, siderophores, total phenolic content, volatile compounds, and antioxidant capacity. The morphology of both species was consistent with that described in the literature, and the production of asexual spores stored in pycnidia was confirmed after 30 days of cultivation in PDA. The ACC deaminase activity and the production of indole-3-acetic acid with or without exogenous tryptophan were greatest for P. estuarinum (CML 3696). The production of gibberellin was highest for P. cyclothyrioides isolates with a maximum peak on the 20th day. Paraconiothyrium estuarinum (CML 3699) and P. cyclothyrioides (CML 3698) showed the highest siderophore production. The highest total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and oxygen radical absorption capacity were found in P. estuarinum (CML 3695 and CML 3699). Paraconiothyrium cyclothyrioides exhibited the greatest free radical elimination activity. The HPLC fingerprints (280 nm) indicated the presence of phenolic compounds, catechin, resveratrol, and acid caffeic, chlorogenic, gallic, m-coumaric, o-coumaric, p-coumaric, and syringic, as well as the alkaloids theobromine and trigonelline in fungal extracts. Paraconiothyrium isolates produced different classes of volatile organic compounds, including ethanol, 3-methyl-butanol, phenylethyl alcohol, ethyl, isopentyl benzoate, and the terpene β-chamigrene. Characterization of Paraconiothyrium isolates contributes to understanding the probable mechanisms involved in the fungus/plant association that can promote the growth of the host plant and control disease.