Discovery and optimization of a novel halotolerant species of Penicillium from section Citrina and its ligninolytic enzymes
摘要
In this study, we describe Penicillium dongyingense sp. nov., a newly identified species within the diverse genus Penicillium, isolated from soil in Dongying, China. Classified under the Penicillium section Citrina, this species was characterized using both morphological features and molecular analysis. Molecular characterization was conducted by sequencing the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS), partial beta-tubulin (BenA), calmodulin (CaM), and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2) regions. Phylogenetic analysis employing both single-gene and multi-gene approaches established a close evolutionary relationship between P. dongyingense sp. nov. and its nearest relative, Penicillium paxilli. Penicillium dongyingense is capable of thriving across a temperature range of 13–33 °C, with optimal growth at 25 °C. It also exhibits a wide pH tolerance, ranging from 4–12, with optimal growth at pH 6. Notably, this species demonstrates significant halotolerance, enduring up to 15% NaCl while thriving at concentrations between 6–10%. Further enzymatic analysis revealed that P. dongyingense reaches peak enzyme production, including laccase, lignin peroxidase, and manganese peroxidase, on the 12th day of incubation under optimal conditions (pH 6, 25 °C, 0% NaCl), achieving activities of 19.8, 12.2, and 4.1 U/mL, respectively. Enzyme synthesis is sustained in salt concentrations ranging from 2–10% NaCl. These findings contribute to the expansion of diversity within Penicillium and underscore the ecological adaptability and biotechnological potential of P. dongyingense.