Background and research question <p>In the wake of demographic change, the health of older employees is becoming increasingly important for their continued participation in the labor market. Socially insured older employees are entitled to various preventive health screenings. However, there are few studies on their uptake and the work-related determinants thereof. This study aims to address this research gap.</p> Study design and research methods <p>This cross-sectional study analyzed weighted data of 7736&#xa0;socially insured employees born in 1959, 1965, and 1971 from the fourth wave of the lidA (<i>leben in der Arbeit</i> or “living at work”) study 2022/2023. In addition to frequency, the likelihood of participating in health check-ups and early detection of skin, colon, breast, cervical, and prostate cancer was examined as a&#xa0;function of work-related factors, adjusted for sociodemographic and health-related characteristics using multiple logistic regression.</p> Results <p>Women participate more frequently than men in gender-specific cancer screening (breast 87.1% and cervical 74.1% vs. prostate 56.0%) and skin cancer screening (60.8% vs. 51.2%). Employees in low-skilled and manual jobs, those who work at night and in shifts, or those who work more than 25 h per week have a&#xa0;significantly lower chance of participating in certain early detection examinations, such as skin cancer screening. There is also a&#xa0;lower chance of this in companies without a&#xa0;company doctor.</p> Conclusion <p>Consultation with a&#xa0;company doctor and more flexible hours may encourage people to take advantage of early detection examinations. Employees in low-skilled and manual occupations should be specifically informed about the benefits of preventive health screenings.</p>