<p>One of the fundamental government policies in Cameroon has been the promotion of second-generation agriculture through household food security, self-sufficiency and improved living conditions for rural population. Despite these policies, the level of efficiency in crop production remains below expectations. It is on this prelude that this paper investigated the technical efficiency level and efficiency gap between Irish potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i> L.)-producing households in the West and in the&#xa0;North West Regions of Cameroon. To achieve these objectives, the paper employed the non-parametric two-stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach, the fractional logit model to ascertain the determinants of technical efficiency, and the Oaxaca-Ransom decomposition framework to measure the efficiency gap between households. A sample of 604 households was selected using the proportionate stratified random sampling technique. The results indicated that households were technically inefficient in potato production by 44.7% at constant returns to scale and 48.3% at variable returns to scale. The technical efficiency decomposition results portrayed a technical efficiency gap of 9.79% explained by differences in asset endowments between the households and disparity in socioeconomic variables in the regions. Considering these findings, the policy recommendations are that the government policies on agriculture in Cameroon should be directed to boost asset endowments of the potato-producing households, through investment in physical farm equipment and enhancement of access to financial loans by reducing interest rates on farm credits. Finally, revision of land ownership system so as to reduce the cost of land acquisition for cultivation and the provision of adequate improved seeds to farmers.</p>