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<p>Efficient nitrogen (N) management is critical to maximizing potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i> L.) yield, enhancing nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and minimizing environmental losses, particularly given the shallow root system of the crop, narrow uptake window, and frequent cultivation on leaching prone light-textured soils. This narrative review synthesizes historical research and emerging innovations within the 4R nutrient stewardship framework which are Right source, Right rate, Right time, and Right placement, to evaluate strategies that improve NUE and support environmental sustainability. It evaluates the N requirement of potato, examines the role of conventional and enhanced-efficiency fertilizers, targeted split applications, and spatially optimized placement methods such as banding, fertigation, and subsurface injections. Agronomic practices including crop rotation, cover cropping, and precision irrigation are highlighted for their synergistic contributions to nutrient cycling, root zone N availability, and the mitigation of leaching losses. A key focus is placed on advanced diagnostics and decision-support tools, such as plant tissue testing, proximal sensors, remote sensing, and artificial intelligence (AI)-powered platforms that enable real-time, site-specific N recommendations. The integration of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and satellite imagery with spectral indices and machine learning algorithms shows strong potential for optimizing variable-rate N applications and improving system-level NUE. Despite these advancements, adoption remains limited by economic constraints, inconsistent field responses, and underutilization of predictive technologies. Moving forward, priorities should include breeding N-efficient cultivars, scaling AI-integrated platforms across diverse agroecological contexts, and developing incentive structures that reward environmental stewardship. A multidisciplinary approach that integrates agronomy, technology, genetics, and policy will be essential to improve the NUE and advancing sustainable potato production.</p>

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Nitrogen Management in Potato: Integrating Conventional and Precision Approaches

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月14日

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  • Ravinder Singh,
  • Eajaz A. Dar,
  • Dereje A. Birhan,
  • Hardeep Singh,
  • Lakesh Sharma

摘要

Efficient nitrogen (N) management is critical to maximizing potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) yield, enhancing nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and minimizing environmental losses, particularly given the shallow root system of the crop, narrow uptake window, and frequent cultivation on leaching prone light-textured soils. This narrative review synthesizes historical research and emerging innovations within the 4R nutrient stewardship framework which are Right source, Right rate, Right time, and Right placement, to evaluate strategies that improve NUE and support environmental sustainability. It evaluates the N requirement of potato, examines the role of conventional and enhanced-efficiency fertilizers, targeted split applications, and spatially optimized placement methods such as banding, fertigation, and subsurface injections. Agronomic practices including crop rotation, cover cropping, and precision irrigation are highlighted for their synergistic contributions to nutrient cycling, root zone N availability, and the mitigation of leaching losses. A key focus is placed on advanced diagnostics and decision-support tools, such as plant tissue testing, proximal sensors, remote sensing, and artificial intelligence (AI)-powered platforms that enable real-time, site-specific N recommendations. The integration of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and satellite imagery with spectral indices and machine learning algorithms shows strong potential for optimizing variable-rate N applications and improving system-level NUE. Despite these advancements, adoption remains limited by economic constraints, inconsistent field responses, and underutilization of predictive technologies. Moving forward, priorities should include breeding N-efficient cultivars, scaling AI-integrated platforms across diverse agroecological contexts, and developing incentive structures that reward environmental stewardship. A multidisciplinary approach that integrates agronomy, technology, genetics, and policy will be essential to improve the NUE and advancing sustainable potato production.