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<p>Potato, a vital food crop, faces an emerging threat from biotic stress of early blight and brown leaf spot caused by <i>Alternaria solani</i> and <i>Alternaria alternata</i>. The present study investigates the biocontrol efficacy of <i>Clonostachys rosea</i> CR 02 against virulent isolates of <i>A. solani</i> PTAS-02 and <i>A. alternata</i> PTAA-01. Detached leaflet assay revealed that co-inoculation of PTAS-02 and PTAA-01 significantly increased lesion diameter to 2.37 ± 0.12&#xa0;cm, indicating synergistic effect on disease severity. Dual culture assay showed that CR 02 inhibited <i>A. solani</i> and <i>A. alternata</i> by 70.74% and 71.48% under pre-incubation, and 52.22% and 51.48% under co-incubation conditions. Culture filtrate (40%) and crude extract (100&#xa0;µl) suppressed pathogen growth up to 47.04% and 57.41%, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy showed direct mycoparasitism through hyphal disintegration. CR 02 showed multiple plant growth–promoting traits and produced diverse fatty acid metabolites. Molecular docking identified two potent biomolecules exhibiting the negative binding affinity of − 7.4 and − 10.7 with the major allergen <i>Alt a1</i> protein. Under glasshouse conditions, combined application of talc-based CR 02 showed 62.16% disease reduction and increased tuber weight (80.39&#xa0;g), shoot length (60.67&#xa0;cm), and dry weight (8.36&#xa0;g) compared to the inoculated control. Defense enzymes were elevated at 72&#xa0;h post-inoculation, with significant upregulation of WRKY, MAPK, PAL, and PR genes indicating activation of induced systemic resistance. Overall, <i>C. rosea</i> CR 02 demonstrated strong biocontrol efficacy and plant growth–promoting potential against <i>Alternaria</i> disease in potato.</p>

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Unveiling Clonostachys rosea CR 02 as Versatile Antagonist: Insights into Plant Growth Promotion and Induced Resistance against Early Blight and Brown Leaf Spot in Potato

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月7日

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  • Shajith Basha Jaffer,
  • Parthiban V. Kumaresan,
  • Karthikeyan Muthusamy,
  • Johnson Iruthayasamy,
  • Sheneka Rajendran,
  • Priyank Hanuman Mahtre,
  • Jayakanthan Mannu,
  • Anandham Rangasamy,
  • Elaiyabharathi Thiyagarajan

摘要

Potato, a vital food crop, faces an emerging threat from biotic stress of early blight and brown leaf spot caused by Alternaria solani and Alternaria alternata. The present study investigates the biocontrol efficacy of Clonostachys rosea CR 02 against virulent isolates of A. solani PTAS-02 and A. alternata PTAA-01. Detached leaflet assay revealed that co-inoculation of PTAS-02 and PTAA-01 significantly increased lesion diameter to 2.37 ± 0.12 cm, indicating synergistic effect on disease severity. Dual culture assay showed that CR 02 inhibited A. solani and A. alternata by 70.74% and 71.48% under pre-incubation, and 52.22% and 51.48% under co-incubation conditions. Culture filtrate (40%) and crude extract (100 µl) suppressed pathogen growth up to 47.04% and 57.41%, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy showed direct mycoparasitism through hyphal disintegration. CR 02 showed multiple plant growth–promoting traits and produced diverse fatty acid metabolites. Molecular docking identified two potent biomolecules exhibiting the negative binding affinity of − 7.4 and − 10.7 with the major allergen Alt a1 protein. Under glasshouse conditions, combined application of talc-based CR 02 showed 62.16% disease reduction and increased tuber weight (80.39 g), shoot length (60.67 cm), and dry weight (8.36 g) compared to the inoculated control. Defense enzymes were elevated at 72 h post-inoculation, with significant upregulation of WRKY, MAPK, PAL, and PR genes indicating activation of induced systemic resistance. Overall, C. rosea CR 02 demonstrated strong biocontrol efficacy and plant growth–promoting potential against Alternaria disease in potato.