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<p>Screening of pollen traits in diploid wild potatoes (<i>Solanum</i> sect. <i>Petota</i>, Solanaceae) is desirable to develop heat-tolerant potato (<i>S. tuberosum</i>) cultivars. Accomplishing this goal requires exploring potato genetic resources that are conserved in genebanks. The goal of this study was to assess pollen viability and 2n pollen production of diploid potato wild relatives under heat stress conditions. We assessed pollen viability and size of nine potato accessions conserved at the Embrapa Potato Gene Bank, including eight wild potatoes: <i>S. chacoense</i> (BRA 00167447–2, BRA 00167017–3, BRA 00167023–1, BRA 00167028–0), <i>S. commersonii</i> (BRA 00167007–4, BRA 00167420–9, BRA 00183760–8), and <i>S. malmeanum</i> (BRA 00183755–8), along with a control accession from the cultivated species <i>S. tuberosum</i> (BRA 00167251–8). The plant accessions were cultivated in separate growth chambers, subjected to both control temperature (ranging from 14 to 27&#xa0;°C) and supraoptimal temperature conditions (ranging from 24 to 34&#xa0;°C). At heat stress, the accession BRA 00167251–8 did not bloom, and BRA 00167023–1 did not produce pollen. The remaining accessions did not exhibit a significant reduction in pollen viability as the temperature increased. Pollen viability at the control temperature had the lowest value in BRA 00167420–9 (<i>S. commersonii</i>) with 68.5% and the highest in BRA 00183755–8 (<i>S. malmeanum</i>) with 100%. At the supraoptimal temperature, the lowest value was in BRA 00167420–9 (<i>S. commersonii</i>) with 54.5% and the highest in BRA 00167017–3 (<i>S. chacoense</i>) with 94%. The average pollen diameter was 20&#xa0;µm in all wild potato genotypes, and the increase in temperature did not lead to 2n pollen production. Estimated genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) was lower than phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) for pollen viability. The observed heritability ranged from 58.8% in BRA 00167007–4 to 91.3% in BRA 00183755–8. Our results highlight the genetic variability available in wild potato germplasm concerning pollen viability under heat stress. Furthermore, these first insights offer valuable guidance for ongoing and future endeavours in diploid potato breeding.</p>

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Evaluation of Diploid Wild Potatoes Pollen Traits under Heat Stress

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月9日

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  • Rodrigo Nicolao,
  • Ikram Bashir,
  • Caroline M. Castro,
  • Gustavo Heiden

摘要

Screening of pollen traits in diploid wild potatoes (Solanum sect. Petota, Solanaceae) is desirable to develop heat-tolerant potato (S. tuberosum) cultivars. Accomplishing this goal requires exploring potato genetic resources that are conserved in genebanks. The goal of this study was to assess pollen viability and 2n pollen production of diploid potato wild relatives under heat stress conditions. We assessed pollen viability and size of nine potato accessions conserved at the Embrapa Potato Gene Bank, including eight wild potatoes: S. chacoense (BRA 00167447–2, BRA 00167017–3, BRA 00167023–1, BRA 00167028–0), S. commersonii (BRA 00167007–4, BRA 00167420–9, BRA 00183760–8), and S. malmeanum (BRA 00183755–8), along with a control accession from the cultivated species S. tuberosum (BRA 00167251–8). The plant accessions were cultivated in separate growth chambers, subjected to both control temperature (ranging from 14 to 27 °C) and supraoptimal temperature conditions (ranging from 24 to 34 °C). At heat stress, the accession BRA 00167251–8 did not bloom, and BRA 00167023–1 did not produce pollen. The remaining accessions did not exhibit a significant reduction in pollen viability as the temperature increased. Pollen viability at the control temperature had the lowest value in BRA 00167420–9 (S. commersonii) with 68.5% and the highest in BRA 00183755–8 (S. malmeanum) with 100%. At the supraoptimal temperature, the lowest value was in BRA 00167420–9 (S. commersonii) with 54.5% and the highest in BRA 00167017–3 (S. chacoense) with 94%. The average pollen diameter was 20 µm in all wild potato genotypes, and the increase in temperature did not lead to 2n pollen production. Estimated genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) was lower than phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) for pollen viability. The observed heritability ranged from 58.8% in BRA 00167007–4 to 91.3% in BRA 00183755–8. Our results highlight the genetic variability available in wild potato germplasm concerning pollen viability under heat stress. Furthermore, these first insights offer valuable guidance for ongoing and future endeavours in diploid potato breeding.