<p>Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is considered as an etiological agent of the lethal liver disease hepatitis B. In spite of being non-infectious in nature, sub-viral particles (SVPs), composed of mainly viral surface proteins, play critical roles in the persistence and progression of the infection. In this work, it is aimed to study the impacts of SVPs including the effects of capsid recycling. The effects of spatial mobility of capsids, viruses, SVPs and antibodies are also considered. This study illustrates how the dynamics of the infection are affected by multi-point initial conditions. The proposed model consists of a system of partial differential equations. This system is of parabolic type in nature. In order to numerically solve it, the well-known Forward Time Centered Space scheme is applied. The values of the parameters are taken from existing literature. The simulation results show that SVPs can significantly enhance intracellular viral replication and gene expression by reducing the neutralization of virus particles by antibodies. The recycling of capsids also substantially increases the concentration of SVPs. The experiments which are carried out on single-point as well as multi-point initial conditions show that as the number of initial infection points increases, the peaks of infected hepatocytes, viruses and SVPs become higher and occur earlier. The outcomes of the proposed model strongly recommend to consider the diffusion term while HBV infection dynamics are studied. In addition, if the liver is infected at more than one point, infection propagates rapidly; however, the severity of the infection remains same regardless of the number of initial infection points. Based on the findings, some future therapeutic approaches are informed.</p>

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Multi-point Infection Dynamics of Hepatitis B in the Presence of Sub-viral Particles

  • Rupchand Sutradhar,
  • Gopinath Sadhu,
  • D C Dalal

摘要

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is considered as an etiological agent of the lethal liver disease hepatitis B. In spite of being non-infectious in nature, sub-viral particles (SVPs), composed of mainly viral surface proteins, play critical roles in the persistence and progression of the infection. In this work, it is aimed to study the impacts of SVPs including the effects of capsid recycling. The effects of spatial mobility of capsids, viruses, SVPs and antibodies are also considered. This study illustrates how the dynamics of the infection are affected by multi-point initial conditions. The proposed model consists of a system of partial differential equations. This system is of parabolic type in nature. In order to numerically solve it, the well-known Forward Time Centered Space scheme is applied. The values of the parameters are taken from existing literature. The simulation results show that SVPs can significantly enhance intracellular viral replication and gene expression by reducing the neutralization of virus particles by antibodies. The recycling of capsids also substantially increases the concentration of SVPs. The experiments which are carried out on single-point as well as multi-point initial conditions show that as the number of initial infection points increases, the peaks of infected hepatocytes, viruses and SVPs become higher and occur earlier. The outcomes of the proposed model strongly recommend to consider the diffusion term while HBV infection dynamics are studied. In addition, if the liver is infected at more than one point, infection propagates rapidly; however, the severity of the infection remains same regardless of the number of initial infection points. Based on the findings, some future therapeutic approaches are informed.