Pembrolizumab in Patients with Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma with ECOG Performance Status 2: A Real-World Study from the ARON-2 Project

期刊论文
发表日期：

2024年8月6日

查看全文

Alessandro Rizzo,
Fernando Sabino Marques Monteiro,
Yüksel Ürün,
Francesco Massari,
Se Hoon Park,
Maria T. Bourlon,
Alexandr Poprach,
Mimma Rizzo,
Hideki Takeshita,
Patrizia Giannatempo,
Andrey Soares,
Giandomenico Roviello,
Javier Molina-Cerrillo,
Francesco Carrozza,
Halima Abahssain,
Carlo Messina,
Ray Manneh Kopp,
Renate Pichler,
Luigi Formisano,
Deniz Tural,
Francesco Atzori,
Fabio Calabrò,
Ravindran Kanesvaran,
Sebastiano Buti,
Matteo Santoni

摘要

Background

The benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for poor performance status patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC) remains unknown.

Objective

In the present sub-analysis of the ARON-2 study, we investigated the role of pembrolizumab for advanced UC patients with ECOG (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group) performance status (ECOG-PS) 2.

Patients and Methods

Patients aged ≥ 18 years with a cytologically and/or histologically confirmed diagnosis of advanced UC progressing or recurring after platinum-based therapy and treated with pembrolizumab between 1 January 2016 to 1 April 2024 were included. In this sub-analysis we focused on patients with ECOG-PS 2.

Results

We included 1,040 patients from the ARON-2 dataset; of these, 167 patients (16%) presented an ECOG-PS 2. The median overall survival (OS) was 14.8 months (95% confidence interval (CI) 12.5–16.1) in the overall study population, 18.2 months (95% CI 15.8–22.2) in patients with ECOG-PS 0–1, and 3.7 months (95% CI 3.2–5.2) in subjects with ECOG-PS 2 (p < 0.001). The median progression-free survival (PFS) in the overall study population was 5.3 months (95% CI 4.3–97.1), 6.2 months (95% CI 5.5–97.1) in patients with ECOG-PS 0–1, and 2.8 months (95% CI 2.1–3.4) in patients with ECOG-PS 2. Among the latter, liver metastases and progressive disease during first-line therapy were significant predictors of OS at both univariate and multivariate analyses. For PFS, univariate and multivariate analyses showed a prognostic role for lung metastases, liver metastases, and progressive disease during first-line therapy.

Conclusions

This large real–world evidence study suggests the effectiveness of second-line pembrolizumab for mUC patients with poor performance status. The presence of liver metastases and progressive disease during first-line therapy is associated with worse clinical outcomes and, thus, should be taken into account when making treatment decisions in clinical practice.