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<p><i>Lonicera caerulea</i> L. anthocyanins (LA) exhibit notable bioactivities but suffer from poor stability, which severely limits their practical applications. To address this challenge, we fabricated double-layered nanoparticles using zein and gum arabic (GA) to encapsulate LA immediately after extraction. Gallic acid (GAc)was co-encapsulated as a copigment, which stabilized LA via noncovalent interactions (hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking), accompanied by obvious hyperchromic and bathochromic effects that enhanced LA stability. The nanoparticles were systematically characterized, and their stability, in vitro release behavior, and antioxidant activity were evaluated. The optimized nanoparticles were uniformly spherical with a particle size of 155.03&#xa0;nm. The corresponding encapsulation efficiency was 85.53%. The retention rate of encapsulated LA reached 68.95% after thermal treatment for 5&#xa0;h. After 25 days of storage, its retention rate was 74.81%. Both values were significantly higher than those of free LA. In vitro release profiles revealed intestinal targeting and sustained-release characteristics. The nanoparticles exhibited efficient DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging (IC₅₀ = 0.13 ± 0.01&#xa0;mg/mL) and inhibited intracellular ROS production, indicating favorable biocompatibility and antioxidant activity. This nanoparticle system co-encapsulated with GAc significantly improved the stability, sustained release, and antioxidant performance of LA, extending its application potential in functional foods and nutraceuticals.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Co-Encapsulation of Lonicera Caerulea L. Anthocyanins and Gallic Acid within Zein-Gum Arabic Nanoparticles: Characterization, Stability, In Vitro Digestion, and Antioxidant Activity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月22日

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  • Hangrong Zheng,
  • Guosheng Liu,
  • Litao Wang,
  • Wanmei Zhou,
  • Xinlin Zhang,
  • Yujie Fu

摘要

Lonicera caerulea L. anthocyanins (LA) exhibit notable bioactivities but suffer from poor stability, which severely limits their practical applications. To address this challenge, we fabricated double-layered nanoparticles using zein and gum arabic (GA) to encapsulate LA immediately after extraction. Gallic acid (GAc)was co-encapsulated as a copigment, which stabilized LA via noncovalent interactions (hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking), accompanied by obvious hyperchromic and bathochromic effects that enhanced LA stability. The nanoparticles were systematically characterized, and their stability, in vitro release behavior, and antioxidant activity were evaluated. The optimized nanoparticles were uniformly spherical with a particle size of 155.03 nm. The corresponding encapsulation efficiency was 85.53%. The retention rate of encapsulated LA reached 68.95% after thermal treatment for 5 h. After 25 days of storage, its retention rate was 74.81%. Both values were significantly higher than those of free LA. In vitro release profiles revealed intestinal targeting and sustained-release characteristics. The nanoparticles exhibited efficient DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging (IC₅₀ = 0.13 ± 0.01 mg/mL) and inhibited intracellular ROS production, indicating favorable biocompatibility and antioxidant activity. This nanoparticle system co-encapsulated with GAc significantly improved the stability, sustained release, and antioxidant performance of LA, extending its application potential in functional foods and nutraceuticals.

Graphical Abstract