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<p>Porang tubers (<i>Amorphophallus muelleri</i> Blume) are rich in glucomannan but contain high calcium oxalate crystals, which reduce product quality and safety. The effect of solid-solvent ratio, fluid flow rate, nozzle diameter, ethanol concentration, and number of cavitation cycles of hydrodynamic cavitation on calcium oxalate degradation in porang tubers was investigated. Hydrodynamic cavitation was carried out in a venturi loop reactor at ambient temperature. Hydrodynamic cavitation performance, indicated by driving force bubble implosion (DFBI), was determined by measuring cavitation’s upstream and minimum pressure. However, calcium oxalate removal was evaluated by measuring the concentration of residual calcium oxalate, glucomannan, starch, and crude fiber, as well as the viscosity of glucomannan sol. Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) confirmed cavitation performance and oxalate degradation of glucomannan granules. A tuber-solvent ratio of 1:12&#xa0;g/mL, fluid flow rate of 7.0&#xa0;L/min, and nozzle diameter of 4&#xa0;mm produced a high DFBI. Decreasing the ethanol concentration to 40% and increasing the number of cavitation cycles to 315 of the high cavitation performance reduced the calcium oxalate content to 0.024%. Microscopy revealed transparent, well-separated wet granules, and SEM images confirmed pores with reduced calcium oxalate crystals, including cracks and thinner skin of glucomannan granules.</p>

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Enhancing Calcium Oxalate Removal from Porang Tubers (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) by Using Ethanol as a Solvent in Hydrodynamic Cavitation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月20日

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  • Yeni Sulastri,
  • Prayoga Suryadarma,
  • Titi Candra Sunarti,
  • Illah Sailah,
  • Qabul Dinanta Utama,
  • Nurhayati

摘要

Porang tubers (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) are rich in glucomannan but contain high calcium oxalate crystals, which reduce product quality and safety. The effect of solid-solvent ratio, fluid flow rate, nozzle diameter, ethanol concentration, and number of cavitation cycles of hydrodynamic cavitation on calcium oxalate degradation in porang tubers was investigated. Hydrodynamic cavitation was carried out in a venturi loop reactor at ambient temperature. Hydrodynamic cavitation performance, indicated by driving force bubble implosion (DFBI), was determined by measuring cavitation’s upstream and minimum pressure. However, calcium oxalate removal was evaluated by measuring the concentration of residual calcium oxalate, glucomannan, starch, and crude fiber, as well as the viscosity of glucomannan sol. Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) confirmed cavitation performance and oxalate degradation of glucomannan granules. A tuber-solvent ratio of 1:12 g/mL, fluid flow rate of 7.0 L/min, and nozzle diameter of 4 mm produced a high DFBI. Decreasing the ethanol concentration to 40% and increasing the number of cavitation cycles to 315 of the high cavitation performance reduced the calcium oxalate content to 0.024%. Microscopy revealed transparent, well-separated wet granules, and SEM images confirmed pores with reduced calcium oxalate crystals, including cracks and thinner skin of glucomannan granules.