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<p>A feasible route to dynamic photonic devices is offered by tunable plasmonic nanostructures that enable dynamic colour tuning in the absence of traditional pigments. In this work, we show a flexible, nanoimprinted gold nanograting device on a PDMS substrate that exploits localised surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) tuning to exhibit strain-induced structural colouration. Having a strain sensitivity of approximately 2.2&#xa0;nm/%, the synthesized substrates display a linear redshift in LSPR peak wavelength from 560&#xa0;nm to 625&#xa0;nm upon being subjected to a change in strain from 0% to 30%. The utility of the platform for visible, real-time mechanochromic sensing is confirmed by reflectance spectra and chromaticity mapping in CIE 1931 colour space, which indicate an uninterrupted shift from green-yellow to orange-red with applied strain. These experimental results are confirmed by finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations, which determine the basic mechanisms responsible for the optical shift to be field delocalisation and reduced near-field coupling. The platform also exhibits excellent cyclic reversibility and stability, maintaining its optical performance steadily for over 100 cycles of strain-release without delamination or degradation. These observations at the nanoscale are supported by macroscopic imaging, and macroscopic imaging shows reversibly clear colour changes that are visible to the naked eye. There is tremendous future scope in making use of these findings in flexible sensors, smart skins, and interactive photonic surfaces. These observations exhibit a scalable, consistent, and pigment-free mechanism of generating structural colours.</p> Graphical Abstract <p>The principle of plasmonic color change through strain-induced modification was studied. A stretchable PDMS substrate is first employed to fabricate a nanograting structure of gold. Reflectance spectra indicate a redshift of the LSPR peak as periodicity increases with mechanical stretching. The change in chromaticity coordinates across the CIE 1931 plot accentuates the color visible transition brought about by this optical shift. The reversible and tunable mechanochromic behavior is illustrated by the circular motion, which graphically correlates substrate deformation with spectrum and colorimetric consequences</p> <p></p>

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Strain-Induced Plasmonic Colour Shifts: Analysis and Evaluation Using Nanoimprinted Elastomeric Platforms

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月4日

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  • O. Kiran Kishore,
  • K. Srihari,
  • S. Karthik

摘要

A feasible route to dynamic photonic devices is offered by tunable plasmonic nanostructures that enable dynamic colour tuning in the absence of traditional pigments. In this work, we show a flexible, nanoimprinted gold nanograting device on a PDMS substrate that exploits localised surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) tuning to exhibit strain-induced structural colouration. Having a strain sensitivity of approximately 2.2 nm/%, the synthesized substrates display a linear redshift in LSPR peak wavelength from 560 nm to 625 nm upon being subjected to a change in strain from 0% to 30%. The utility of the platform for visible, real-time mechanochromic sensing is confirmed by reflectance spectra and chromaticity mapping in CIE 1931 colour space, which indicate an uninterrupted shift from green-yellow to orange-red with applied strain. These experimental results are confirmed by finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations, which determine the basic mechanisms responsible for the optical shift to be field delocalisation and reduced near-field coupling. The platform also exhibits excellent cyclic reversibility and stability, maintaining its optical performance steadily for over 100 cycles of strain-release without delamination or degradation. These observations at the nanoscale are supported by macroscopic imaging, and macroscopic imaging shows reversibly clear colour changes that are visible to the naked eye. There is tremendous future scope in making use of these findings in flexible sensors, smart skins, and interactive photonic surfaces. These observations exhibit a scalable, consistent, and pigment-free mechanism of generating structural colours.

Graphical Abstract

The principle of plasmonic color change through strain-induced modification was studied. A stretchable PDMS substrate is first employed to fabricate a nanograting structure of gold. Reflectance spectra indicate a redshift of the LSPR peak as periodicity increases with mechanical stretching. The change in chromaticity coordinates across the CIE 1931 plot accentuates the color visible transition brought about by this optical shift. The reversible and tunable mechanochromic behavior is illustrated by the circular motion, which graphically correlates substrate deformation with spectrum and colorimetric consequences