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<p>The antibacterial bio-synthetic polymer hydrogels, along with metal nanoparticles, are potential stimuli-responsive drug carriers for the antibiotic prolonged and controlled release. In this research work, the in-vitro&#xa0;pharmacokinetics quantification of the broad spectrum antibiotic oxytetracycline (OTC), which is released from PVA/AgO hydrogel, was assessed by using the promising technique surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were used as the SERS active substrate. The OTC was loaded on the PVA/AgO hydrogel and was released in phosphate buffer solution at pH 7.4 at 37 °C in a controlled manner. The 33-h in-vitro&#xa0;kinetics study was carried out at intervals of 3 h as 0 h, 3 h, 6 h, 9 h, 12 h, 15 h, 18 h, 21 h, 24 h, 27 h, 30 h, and 33 h. The released OTC at every interval was characterized by using SERS along with chemometric techniques. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used for the qualitative analysis to study the intensity-based variability, while Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) was used for the quantification of OTC released from PVA/AgO hydrogel. The UV-Vis spectrophotometer was also used to compare the OTC released concentrations at every interval with the PLSR tool. The release kinetics was determined using six kinetic models that included zero-order, first-order, Higuchi, Korsmeyer-Peppas, Hixson-Crowell, and Weibull. The results showed that stimuli-responsive drug carrier released (Fickian diffusion) the drug in a controlled slow manner, which was effectively detected and quantified by the highly sensitive SERS technique, with a measured lowest concentration of 1.543 ppm, while the measured highest concentration was 2.57 ppm after 33 h in comparison to LOD 0.894 ppm and LOQ 2.98 ppm.</p>

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SERS Spectral Monitoring of Oxytetracycline In-Vitro Pharmacokinetics Quantification from Antibacterial Stimuli Responsive PVA/AgO Nanobiocomposite Hydrogel Along with Multivariate Data Analysis Techniques

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月29日

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  • Nasir Mehmood,
  • Anfal Fatima,
  • Abdul Naman,
  • Salah Knani,
  • Sobia Younas

摘要

The antibacterial bio-synthetic polymer hydrogels, along with metal nanoparticles, are potential stimuli-responsive drug carriers for the antibiotic prolonged and controlled release. In this research work, the in-vitro pharmacokinetics quantification of the broad spectrum antibiotic oxytetracycline (OTC), which is released from PVA/AgO hydrogel, was assessed by using the promising technique surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were used as the SERS active substrate. The OTC was loaded on the PVA/AgO hydrogel and was released in phosphate buffer solution at pH 7.4 at 37 °C in a controlled manner. The 33-h in-vitro kinetics study was carried out at intervals of 3 h as 0 h, 3 h, 6 h, 9 h, 12 h, 15 h, 18 h, 21 h, 24 h, 27 h, 30 h, and 33 h. The released OTC at every interval was characterized by using SERS along with chemometric techniques. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used for the qualitative analysis to study the intensity-based variability, while Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) was used for the quantification of OTC released from PVA/AgO hydrogel. The UV-Vis spectrophotometer was also used to compare the OTC released concentrations at every interval with the PLSR tool. The release kinetics was determined using six kinetic models that included zero-order, first-order, Higuchi, Korsmeyer-Peppas, Hixson-Crowell, and Weibull. The results showed that stimuli-responsive drug carrier released (Fickian diffusion) the drug in a controlled slow manner, which was effectively detected and quantified by the highly sensitive SERS technique, with a measured lowest concentration of 1.543 ppm, while the measured highest concentration was 2.57 ppm after 33 h in comparison to LOD 0.894 ppm and LOQ 2.98 ppm.