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<p>Early cancer detection is vital for improving treatment outcomes, addressing a global health challenge with approximately 10 million cancer-related deaths in 2020. We propose a novel Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR)-based Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) biosensor featuring a gold nanowire embedded in a U-shaped open channel, designed for label-free, high-throughput detection of cancer cells. This innovative structure addresses the critical need for cost-effective, scalable biosensors by simplifying fabrication compared to traditional SPR-PCF designs, facilitating analyte injection, and enabling precise nanowire placement. Using Finite Element Method (FEM) numerical analysis, the sensor demonstrates high sensitivity for detecting six cancer cell types within a refractive index range of 1.360–1.401 and a near-infrared spectral window of 870–1100 nm. The biosensor achieves a maximum wavelength sensitivity (WS) of 7857.14 nm/RIU and an amplitude sensitivity (AS) of -1893.08 RIU⁻<sup>1</sup> for MCF-7 breast cancer cells. These results highlight its excellent potential for real-time, high-sensitivity cancer detection without requiring fluorescent or chemical labels, positioning it as a strong candidate for clinical diagnostics and lab-on-chip systems.</p>

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Gold Nanowire-Enhanced SPR-PCF Biosensor for High-Throughput Cancer Cell Detection in Near-Infrared

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月8日

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  • Mohammad Reza Khodatars Dashtmian,
  • Vahid Fallahi,
  • Mahmood Seifouri,
  • Saeed Olyaee

摘要

Early cancer detection is vital for improving treatment outcomes, addressing a global health challenge with approximately 10 million cancer-related deaths in 2020. We propose a novel Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR)-based Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) biosensor featuring a gold nanowire embedded in a U-shaped open channel, designed for label-free, high-throughput detection of cancer cells. This innovative structure addresses the critical need for cost-effective, scalable biosensors by simplifying fabrication compared to traditional SPR-PCF designs, facilitating analyte injection, and enabling precise nanowire placement. Using Finite Element Method (FEM) numerical analysis, the sensor demonstrates high sensitivity for detecting six cancer cell types within a refractive index range of 1.360–1.401 and a near-infrared spectral window of 870–1100 nm. The biosensor achieves a maximum wavelength sensitivity (WS) of 7857.14 nm/RIU and an amplitude sensitivity (AS) of -1893.08 RIU⁻1 for MCF-7 breast cancer cells. These results highlight its excellent potential for real-time, high-sensitivity cancer detection without requiring fluorescent or chemical labels, positioning it as a strong candidate for clinical diagnostics and lab-on-chip systems.