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<p>Rapid, cost-effective, and sensitive diagnostic tools are essential for managing viral outbreaks such as COVID-19. In this study, we developed a label-free localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) aptasensor based on polyvalent G<sub>12</sub>-aptamer-conjugated gold nanoparticles (apt@AuNPs) synthesized via a one-pot method for the detection of heat-inactivated SARS-CoV-2 in throat samples. The aptasensor exploits the specific binding of the G<sub>12</sub> aptamer to spike proteins present either on intact viral particles or in fragmented/soluble forms resulting from heat inactivation, inducing a measurable redshift in the optical spectrum within minutes upon interaction with viral particles. Our platform achieves a detection limit comparable to PCR, enabling rapid and sensitive virus identification without the need for complex sample preparation or labeling. The colorimetric response is readily observable, facilitating point-of-care applications. Notably, the sensor achieves reliable specific detection at <i>Ct</i> values &lt; 37 (~ 10<sup>3</sup> copies/mL), aligning with clinical diagnostic standards for SARS-CoV-2 positivity. Furthermore, the modular design of this biosensor enables adaptation to detect other viral pathogens by substituting target-specific aptamers, providing a versatile and scalable solution for the early diagnosis and monitoring of infectious diseases. This approach holds significant promise for enhancing pandemic preparedness and response through accessible, rapid, and accurate viral detection.</p>

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Rapid, Label-Free LSPR Aptasensor for Sensitive Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein in Throat Swab Samples

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月8日

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  • Alireza Alikhanian,
  • Nima Shadmehri,
  • Yasaman-Sadat Borghei,
  • Ehsan Arefian,
  • Mehran Habibi-Rezaei

摘要

Rapid, cost-effective, and sensitive diagnostic tools are essential for managing viral outbreaks such as COVID-19. In this study, we developed a label-free localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) aptasensor based on polyvalent G12-aptamer-conjugated gold nanoparticles (apt@AuNPs) synthesized via a one-pot method for the detection of heat-inactivated SARS-CoV-2 in throat samples. The aptasensor exploits the specific binding of the G12 aptamer to spike proteins present either on intact viral particles or in fragmented/soluble forms resulting from heat inactivation, inducing a measurable redshift in the optical spectrum within minutes upon interaction with viral particles. Our platform achieves a detection limit comparable to PCR, enabling rapid and sensitive virus identification without the need for complex sample preparation or labeling. The colorimetric response is readily observable, facilitating point-of-care applications. Notably, the sensor achieves reliable specific detection at Ct values < 37 (~ 103 copies/mL), aligning with clinical diagnostic standards for SARS-CoV-2 positivity. Furthermore, the modular design of this biosensor enables adaptation to detect other viral pathogens by substituting target-specific aptamers, providing a versatile and scalable solution for the early diagnosis and monitoring of infectious diseases. This approach holds significant promise for enhancing pandemic preparedness and response through accessible, rapid, and accurate viral detection.