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<p>This study presents a novel graphene-based biosensor that utilizes terahertz (THz) waves, metamaterials, and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) for the early detection of cancer. Designed with graphene layers, a silicon dioxide dielectric, and a gold substrate, the sensor achieves exceptional sensitivity (14.09 THz/RIU) and a figure of merit (FOM) of 144.9, with over 98% absorption efficiency, as demonstrated through CST Studio Suite simulations. By detecting refractive index and absorption frequency shifts, the sensor effectively differentiates normal and cancerous cells, including basal, HeLa, MDA-MB-231, and Jurkat cells. Its tunable design, enabled by adjusting graphene’s chemical potential and structural parameters like radius and width, enhances detection precision. Compared to previous works, this biosensor offers superior sensitivity and accuracy, addressing limitations of conventional diagnostics like high costs and complex equipment. The proposed technology enables rapid, non-invasive, and cost-effective cancer diagnosis, with potential for real-time monitoring and personalized treatment. Despite challenges like large-scale graphene production, this sensor paves the way for transformative diagnostic tools in medical practice, with future applications in environmental and food safety monitoring. This advancement promises improved patient outcomes through precise, accessible, and efficient cancer detection, revolutionizing healthcare diagnostics.</p>

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Revolutionizing Early Cancer Detection: Graphene-Based Terahertz Biosensors for Precision Diagnostics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月8日

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  • Yousef Rafighirani,
  • Javad Javidan

摘要

This study presents a novel graphene-based biosensor that utilizes terahertz (THz) waves, metamaterials, and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) for the early detection of cancer. Designed with graphene layers, a silicon dioxide dielectric, and a gold substrate, the sensor achieves exceptional sensitivity (14.09 THz/RIU) and a figure of merit (FOM) of 144.9, with over 98% absorption efficiency, as demonstrated through CST Studio Suite simulations. By detecting refractive index and absorption frequency shifts, the sensor effectively differentiates normal and cancerous cells, including basal, HeLa, MDA-MB-231, and Jurkat cells. Its tunable design, enabled by adjusting graphene’s chemical potential and structural parameters like radius and width, enhances detection precision. Compared to previous works, this biosensor offers superior sensitivity and accuracy, addressing limitations of conventional diagnostics like high costs and complex equipment. The proposed technology enables rapid, non-invasive, and cost-effective cancer diagnosis, with potential for real-time monitoring and personalized treatment. Despite challenges like large-scale graphene production, this sensor paves the way for transformative diagnostic tools in medical practice, with future applications in environmental and food safety monitoring. This advancement promises improved patient outcomes through precise, accessible, and efficient cancer detection, revolutionizing healthcare diagnostics.