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<p>Terahertz (THz) waves hold great promise for next-generation wireless communication systems due to their broadband bandwidth and capability for high-speed data transmission. Here, we propose a symmetric plasmonic waveguide that incorporates low-index dielectric layers sandwiched between the graphene sheet and GaAs microrods, enabling deep subwavelength THz field confinement. The mode properties are systematically optimized through finite&#xa0;element simulations. Our simulations reveal a normalized mode area as low as 10⁻<sup>4</sup>, propagation lengths exceeding 50&#xa0;µm, and tunable modal characteristics can be achieved within the range of 2 to 4 THz. Furthermore, the proposed structure demonstrates robustness against fabrication misalignment, ensuring practical feasibility. Crosstalk analysis further demonstrates negligible mode coupling even at zero waveguide spacing, highlighting its potential for high-density photonic integration. These results pave the way for ultra-compact, low-loss THz devices, including modulators, waveguides, and sensors.</p>

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Terahertz Graphene Plasmon Waveguides with Strong Field Localization and Low Crosstalk

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月26日

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  • Liqin Yue,
  • Yongzhi Hao,
  • Ronggai Qi,
  • Ruiqing Xue,
  • Lichao Hao,
  • Yangyang Zhang,
  • Da Teng

摘要

Terahertz (THz) waves hold great promise for next-generation wireless communication systems due to their broadband bandwidth and capability for high-speed data transmission. Here, we propose a symmetric plasmonic waveguide that incorporates low-index dielectric layers sandwiched between the graphene sheet and GaAs microrods, enabling deep subwavelength THz field confinement. The mode properties are systematically optimized through finite element simulations. Our simulations reveal a normalized mode area as low as 10⁻4, propagation lengths exceeding 50 µm, and tunable modal characteristics can be achieved within the range of 2 to 4 THz. Furthermore, the proposed structure demonstrates robustness against fabrication misalignment, ensuring practical feasibility. Crosstalk analysis further demonstrates negligible mode coupling even at zero waveguide spacing, highlighting its potential for high-density photonic integration. These results pave the way for ultra-compact, low-loss THz devices, including modulators, waveguides, and sensors.