<p>This work investigates two-dimensional atom localization via surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) generated at the interface of silver and a four-level tripod atomic medium. The localization information is obtained through the absorption (Im(ksp)) of SPPs at the interface, which reveals the atomic probability distribution. The atom localization is controlled by the parameters of the probe and control fields, including detunings <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11468_2025_3206_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="39" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\Delta _{p,1,2}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, field strengths <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11468_2025_3206_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="30" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$G_{1,2}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>G</mi> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, propagation directions <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11468_2025_3206_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="26" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\eta _{1,2}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>η</mi> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, and phases <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11468_2025_3206_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="28" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\phi _{1,2}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>ϕ</mi> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. The proposed scheme achieves subwavelength spatial resolution, offering potential applications in nanolithography, laser cooling, and atom trapping. These results underscore the significant role of quantum-plasmonic interactions in advanced atomic manipulation techniques.</p>

Two-Dimensional Atom Localization via Surface Plasmon Polaritons in a Tripod System

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发表日期：

2025年8月22日

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Najm Uddin,
Reem Altuijri,
Mohamed R. Eid,
Abdel-Haleem Abdel-Aty

摘要

This work investigates two-dimensional atom localization via surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) generated at the interface of silver and a four-level tripod atomic medium. The localization information is obtained through the absorption (Im(ksp)) of SPPs at the interface, which reveals the atomic probability distribution. The atom localization is controlled by the parameters of the probe and control fields, including detunings $\Delta _{p,1,2}$ $Δ_{p, 1, 2}$ , field strengths $G_{1,2}$ $G_{1, 2}$ , propagation directions $\eta _{1,2}$ $η_{1, 2}$ , and phases $\phi _{1,2}$ $ϕ_{1, 2}$ . The proposed scheme achieves subwavelength spatial resolution, offering potential applications in nanolithography, laser cooling, and atom trapping. These results underscore the significant role of quantum-plasmonic interactions in advanced atomic manipulation techniques.