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<p>A novel, highly responsive gold-coated optical fiber biosensor, leveraging Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR), is suggested for non-invasive detection of pregnancy. Both normal and pregnant urine are used for the experiment and evaluation. The refractive index (RI) values for normal urine are 1.335 and 1.34, while for pregnant urine, the RI values are 1.342 and 1.343, measured within the wavelength range of 1.1&#xa0;μm to 2.0&#xa0;μm, for the purpose of determining pregnancy. A 50&#xa0;nm thick gold layer is selected due to its exceptional plasmonic properties, which enable strong light-matter interaction and enhanced sensitivity to RI changes. Gold is specifically selected due to its enhanced plasmonic properties relative to other substances, offering ideal resonance conditions for Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR). The sensor’s efficiency is comprehensively assessed using finite element method (FEM) simulations, revealing a remarkable wavelength sensitivity of 8535.18&#xa0;nm/RIU at an RI of 1.335. Other notable performance parameters include maximum birefringence of 1.24 × 10<sup>–2</sup>, coupling length of 769.88&#xa0;µm, transmittance of − 23.47&#xa0;dB, and power spectrum shift of 1 dBm<sup>−1</sup>. Moreover, the proposed biosensor attains a highest figure of merit (FOM) of 56.52 RIU<sup>−1</sup>. at a refractive index of 1.335, accompanied by a detection limit (LOD) of 93.88&#xa0;nm.</p>

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Development and Optimization of an SPR-Based Fiber Optic Biosensor for Non-Invasive Pregnancy Detection

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月2日

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  • Sonia Akter,
  • Hasan Abdullah

摘要

A novel, highly responsive gold-coated optical fiber biosensor, leveraging Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR), is suggested for non-invasive detection of pregnancy. Both normal and pregnant urine are used for the experiment and evaluation. The refractive index (RI) values for normal urine are 1.335 and 1.34, while for pregnant urine, the RI values are 1.342 and 1.343, measured within the wavelength range of 1.1 μm to 2.0 μm, for the purpose of determining pregnancy. A 50 nm thick gold layer is selected due to its exceptional plasmonic properties, which enable strong light-matter interaction and enhanced sensitivity to RI changes. Gold is specifically selected due to its enhanced plasmonic properties relative to other substances, offering ideal resonance conditions for Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR). The sensor’s efficiency is comprehensively assessed using finite element method (FEM) simulations, revealing a remarkable wavelength sensitivity of 8535.18 nm/RIU at an RI of 1.335. Other notable performance parameters include maximum birefringence of 1.24 × 10–2, coupling length of 769.88 µm, transmittance of − 23.47 dB, and power spectrum shift of 1 dBm−1. Moreover, the proposed biosensor attains a highest figure of merit (FOM) of 56.52 RIU−1. at a refractive index of 1.335, accompanied by a detection limit (LOD) of 93.88 nm.