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<p>Methane, a highly flammable and explosive gas, poses significant safety risks and challenges for industrial applications. A highly sensitive sensor based on surface plasmon resonance within a photonic crystal fiber is presented and fully analyzed. This sensor measures methane concentration while providing self-calibration. The photonic crystal fiber features a D-type structure with grooves, where composite two-dimensional material film and gold films are deposited. Additionally, a methane-sensitive layer containing cryptophane-A is coated on the surface of the D-type structure. The finite element method is utilized to analyze and compare the coating of different two-dimensional materials (graphene, MoS<sub>2</sub>, and graphene–MoS<sub>2</sub>) on the simulation analysis of sensor sensitivity. The use of graphene–MoS<sub>2</sub> composite two-dimensional material not only enhances the sensing performance but also excites the double-peak effect. This double-peak effect enables the methane sensor to measure at different wavelengths, with the primary and secondary peaks calibrated against each other to improve the sensor's accuracy. The results show that the surface plasmon resonance based on photonic crystal fiber sensor with graphene–MoS<sub>2</sub> composite membrane has better sensing performance. The maximum wavelength sensitivity and average wavelength sensitivity reached 80 and 63.4&#xa0;nm/%, respectively, over the range of methane concentrations from 0.5 to 3.5%. These properties are significantly better than those of recently reported methane sensors. Therefore, the sensor has excellent application prospects in miniature methane detection field.</p>

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Highly Sensitive and Self-Calibrating Fiber Optic SPR Methane Sensor Based on Graphene–MoS2 Heterostructure

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月29日

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  • Pengxiao Xu,
  • Minghui Huo,
  • Xiaokang Wang,
  • Longyu Xu,
  • Jingchao Bao,
  • Aolin Hou,
  • Yundong Liu,
  • Xiaojian Meng,
  • Kun Yu,
  • Yufang Liu

摘要

Methane, a highly flammable and explosive gas, poses significant safety risks and challenges for industrial applications. A highly sensitive sensor based on surface plasmon resonance within a photonic crystal fiber is presented and fully analyzed. This sensor measures methane concentration while providing self-calibration. The photonic crystal fiber features a D-type structure with grooves, where composite two-dimensional material film and gold films are deposited. Additionally, a methane-sensitive layer containing cryptophane-A is coated on the surface of the D-type structure. The finite element method is utilized to analyze and compare the coating of different two-dimensional materials (graphene, MoS2, and graphene–MoS2) on the simulation analysis of sensor sensitivity. The use of graphene–MoS2 composite two-dimensional material not only enhances the sensing performance but also excites the double-peak effect. This double-peak effect enables the methane sensor to measure at different wavelengths, with the primary and secondary peaks calibrated against each other to improve the sensor's accuracy. The results show that the surface plasmon resonance based on photonic crystal fiber sensor with graphene–MoS2 composite membrane has better sensing performance. The maximum wavelength sensitivity and average wavelength sensitivity reached 80 and 63.4 nm/%, respectively, over the range of methane concentrations from 0.5 to 3.5%. These properties are significantly better than those of recently reported methane sensors. Therefore, the sensor has excellent application prospects in miniature methane detection field.