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<p>This study presents a novel highly sensitive polarization-independent metamaterial sensor for the detection of various viruses and bacteria. The proposed design comprises two gold loops integrated on a polyamide substrate and a ground gold metal substrate. The sensor’s performance is evaluated through rigorous simulations conducted using the COMSOL Multiphysics software. The sensor exhibits strong electromagnetic field enhancement at a specific frequency. This localized field enhancement significantly amplifies the interaction between the sensor and target biomolecules, demonstrating exceptional sensitivity and selectivity for a wide range of viral and bacterial pathogens. The proposed sensor exhibits a maximum sensitivity and quality factor of 2017.3 GHz/RIU and 9.5, respectively, for coronavirus; 3821.25 GHz/RIU and 11.26, for HSV, dengue, malaria, influenza, and HIV; and 3949.6 GHz/RIU and 11.37, for bacteria (<i>E. coli</i>, <i>S. aureus</i>, and <i>P. aeruginosa</i>). Further, average sensitivities of 1966.5 GHz/RIU and 2.5 × 10<sup>5</sup> GHz/RIU are achieved for the detection of different types of viruses, including H5N1, H5N2, H9N2, H4N6, and FAdv, and IBV. The novelty of this work lies in remarkable sensing capabilities in the detection of a diverse range of viruses and microorganisms such as bacteria in terms of notable frequency shift making it a promising tool for biomedical sensing and the food products industry.</p>

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Highly Sensitive THz Metamaterial Sensor for Early Detection of Various Viruses

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月14日

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  • Rasha T. Balat,
  • Mohamed Farhat O. Hameed,
  • Abed M. Nasr,
  • S. S. A. Obayya,
  • Mohammad Y. Azab

摘要

This study presents a novel highly sensitive polarization-independent metamaterial sensor for the detection of various viruses and bacteria. The proposed design comprises two gold loops integrated on a polyamide substrate and a ground gold metal substrate. The sensor’s performance is evaluated through rigorous simulations conducted using the COMSOL Multiphysics software. The sensor exhibits strong electromagnetic field enhancement at a specific frequency. This localized field enhancement significantly amplifies the interaction between the sensor and target biomolecules, demonstrating exceptional sensitivity and selectivity for a wide range of viral and bacterial pathogens. The proposed sensor exhibits a maximum sensitivity and quality factor of 2017.3 GHz/RIU and 9.5, respectively, for coronavirus; 3821.25 GHz/RIU and 11.26, for HSV, dengue, malaria, influenza, and HIV; and 3949.6 GHz/RIU and 11.37, for bacteria (E. coli, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa). Further, average sensitivities of 1966.5 GHz/RIU and 2.5 × 105 GHz/RIU are achieved for the detection of different types of viruses, including H5N1, H5N2, H9N2, H4N6, and FAdv, and IBV. The novelty of this work lies in remarkable sensing capabilities in the detection of a diverse range of viruses and microorganisms such as bacteria in terms of notable frequency shift making it a promising tool for biomedical sensing and the food products industry.