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<p>Nanotechnology stands at the forefront of rapid advancement, offering versatile applications across diverse industrial sectors. At the heart of this innovation lies nanoparticles (NPs), materials endowed with unique properties that can be scaled down to atomic dimensions. Typically ranging from 1 to 100&#xa0;nm, these NPs, such as silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), enjoy immense demand spanning consumer goods, pharmaceuticals, healthcare, food, and cosmetics industries. Ensuring their biocompatibility has emerged as a pressing concern in recent times. The multifaceted functionality of AgNPs has spurred their integration into various realms, including water treatment, wound care, diagnostics, orthopedics, nutrition, and as potent antibacterial agents. This proliferation has piqued considerable interest, driving extensive research into their production methodologies. Leveraging their exceptional ability to modulate physical, chemical, and biological attributes, AgNPs offer versatile utility across a spectrum of applications. A comprehensive review of synthesis techniques reveals various approaches, encompassing biological, chemical, physical, electrochemical, medicinal, and green synthesis methods. Among these, the biological route is attractive, boasting simplicity, commercial viability, environmental friendliness, and a streamlined, single-step process devoid of stringent environmental conditions or hazardous chemicals. Before deployment in critical domains such as medicine or healthcare, thorough characterization of manufactured nanoparticles is imperative to mitigate safety concerns. Analytical techniques, including XRD, FTIR, DLS, zeta potential, EDS, XPS, SEM, TEM, AFM, and UV–Vis spectroscopy, offer invaluable insights into the properties of AgNPs. The versatility of AgNPs extends to their diverse therapeutic properties, encompassing anti-tumor, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-cancer, antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-angiogenic effects. This breadth of applications underscores the transformative potential of nanotechnology in addressing complex challenges across myriad domains, heralding a new era of innovation and discovery.</p>

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Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs), Methods of Synthesis, Characterization, and Their Application: A Review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月16日

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  • Faouzi Lasmi,
  • Houria Hamitouche,
  • Hassiba Laribi-Habchi,
  • Yacine Benguerba,
  • Nadjib Chafai

摘要

Nanotechnology stands at the forefront of rapid advancement, offering versatile applications across diverse industrial sectors. At the heart of this innovation lies nanoparticles (NPs), materials endowed with unique properties that can be scaled down to atomic dimensions. Typically ranging from 1 to 100 nm, these NPs, such as silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), enjoy immense demand spanning consumer goods, pharmaceuticals, healthcare, food, and cosmetics industries. Ensuring their biocompatibility has emerged as a pressing concern in recent times. The multifaceted functionality of AgNPs has spurred their integration into various realms, including water treatment, wound care, diagnostics, orthopedics, nutrition, and as potent antibacterial agents. This proliferation has piqued considerable interest, driving extensive research into their production methodologies. Leveraging their exceptional ability to modulate physical, chemical, and biological attributes, AgNPs offer versatile utility across a spectrum of applications. A comprehensive review of synthesis techniques reveals various approaches, encompassing biological, chemical, physical, electrochemical, medicinal, and green synthesis methods. Among these, the biological route is attractive, boasting simplicity, commercial viability, environmental friendliness, and a streamlined, single-step process devoid of stringent environmental conditions or hazardous chemicals. Before deployment in critical domains such as medicine or healthcare, thorough characterization of manufactured nanoparticles is imperative to mitigate safety concerns. Analytical techniques, including XRD, FTIR, DLS, zeta potential, EDS, XPS, SEM, TEM, AFM, and UV–Vis spectroscopy, offer invaluable insights into the properties of AgNPs. The versatility of AgNPs extends to their diverse therapeutic properties, encompassing anti-tumor, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-cancer, antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-angiogenic effects. This breadth of applications underscores the transformative potential of nanotechnology in addressing complex challenges across myriad domains, heralding a new era of innovation and discovery.