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<p>Dengue fever and malaria are two common arthropod-borne diseases prevalent in tropical regions, affecting millions of people every year. Since they share similar symptoms, this makes their accurate and early diagnosis difficult, which is very much essential for identifying appropriate treatment options. Raman spectroscopy is recognized as an affordable, reliable, and quick method for disease screening and diagnosis. This study is focused on using SERS combined with chemometric analysis to compare and analyze the SERS spectral features associated with the specific biomarkers in blood serum samples of dengue and malaria patients, aiming to understand the biochemical differences between these diseases. The 50&#xa0;kDa centrifugal filtration devices were employed to isolate filtrates of serum samples containing disease biomarkers smaller than this cut-off value, allowing for targeted identification of key biomarkers specific to the disease. The silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were used as SERS substrates to enhance the Raman signals of filtrate fractions from blood serum samples. The distinct SERS spectral features were observed in samples of malaria and dengue 370, 392, 415, 562, 678, 799, 810, 835, 837, 944, 1005, 1099, 1131, 1205, 1273, 1322, 1357, 1410, 1453, and 1540&#xa0;cm<sup>−1</sup> clearly highlighting the biochemical differences between the two diseases sharing common symptoms. The diagnostic capability of SERS was further enhanced by applying multivariate analysis such as principal component analysis (PCA), which demonstrated the potential of SERS to distinguish between dengue and malaria blood serum samples. It provided a clear and highly sensitive method for understanding the differences in serum filtrates, making it a valuable tool for studying complex biological systems.</p>

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SERS Combined with Multivariate Data Analysis for Differentiation of Blood Serum Samples from Malaria and Dengue Patients After 50 kDa Membrane Filtration

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月25日

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  • Aleena Shahzadi,
  • Sonia Yaseen,
  • Muhammad Irfan Majeed,
  • Haq Nawaz,
  • Norah A. Albekairi,
  • Abdulrahman Alshammari,
  • Munawar Hussain,
  • Eman Fatima,
  • Maida Ehsan,
  • Zainub Shoukat,
  • Saima Afzal,
  • Seher Nawabzadi,
  • Mariam Shakeel,
  • Muhammad Wasim

摘要

Dengue fever and malaria are two common arthropod-borne diseases prevalent in tropical regions, affecting millions of people every year. Since they share similar symptoms, this makes their accurate and early diagnosis difficult, which is very much essential for identifying appropriate treatment options. Raman spectroscopy is recognized as an affordable, reliable, and quick method for disease screening and diagnosis. This study is focused on using SERS combined with chemometric analysis to compare and analyze the SERS spectral features associated with the specific biomarkers in blood serum samples of dengue and malaria patients, aiming to understand the biochemical differences between these diseases. The 50 kDa centrifugal filtration devices were employed to isolate filtrates of serum samples containing disease biomarkers smaller than this cut-off value, allowing for targeted identification of key biomarkers specific to the disease. The silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were used as SERS substrates to enhance the Raman signals of filtrate fractions from blood serum samples. The distinct SERS spectral features were observed in samples of malaria and dengue 370, 392, 415, 562, 678, 799, 810, 835, 837, 944, 1005, 1099, 1131, 1205, 1273, 1322, 1357, 1410, 1453, and 1540 cm−1 clearly highlighting the biochemical differences between the two diseases sharing common symptoms. The diagnostic capability of SERS was further enhanced by applying multivariate analysis such as principal component analysis (PCA), which demonstrated the potential of SERS to distinguish between dengue and malaria blood serum samples. It provided a clear and highly sensitive method for understanding the differences in serum filtrates, making it a valuable tool for studying complex biological systems.