Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) resonance sensing is theoretically controlled and modified at the interface of graphene and conductive atomic medium. It is investigated that the sensitivity of the SPPs depends on the phase and amplitude of complex conductivity of the conductive atomic medium as well as driving field parameters. In wavelength interrogation, the conductivity-dependent sensitivity is defined as \(d\lambda /dn_d(\sigma )\) . A significant manipulation over the sensitivity of the SPPs is reported with a variation of phase \(\phi _{cc}\) and amplitude \((\sigma )\) of complex conductivity as well as probe and control field detunings and Rabi frequency as well as decay rates. The diffraction order and grating period play a significant role in the manipulation of sensitivity of the SPPs. It is reported that sensitivity increases with increasing grating period and decreases with increasing order of diffraction. The higher value of sensitivity of the SPPs is reported to be 12,000 nm/RIU with decay rate, and the smaller value of sensitivity is investigated to be 1200 nm/RIU with control field Rabi frequency. The above results have useful applications in sensor devices, plasmonster technology, solar cells, and biosensors.
