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<p>This study presents a theoretical analysis of the sensitivity of the surface plasmon polariton waves (SPPs) at a gain-assisted four-level N-type atomic system by exploiting the scheme of electromagnetically induced gain and propagation of the SPPs along the gain-assisted atomic-metal interface. The significant control over the sensitivity of the SPPs with system and driving field parameters, such as control and probe fields detuning, control field Rabi frequency, and decay rates, is reported. The sensitivity is the oscillation function of phase and decay rate, and the high value of sensitivity of the SPPs is examined to be 2000<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11468_2025_2788_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="7" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="9" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(^{\circ }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mo>∘</mo> </mmultiscripts> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>/RIU. The small value of sensitivity is noted to be 140<InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11468_2025_2788_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="7" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="9" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(^{\circ }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mo>∘</mo> </mmultiscripts> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>/RIU with control fields Rabi frequencies. The modified result in this paper shows useful applications in biosensors, nano-photonic devices, and solar cells.</p>

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Coherent Manipulation of the Surface Plasmon Polaritons Resonance Sensing at the Interface of Metal and Gain-Assisted Dielectric Medium

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月31日

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  • Qaisar Khan,
  • Meraj Ali Khan,
  • Ibrahim Aldayel

摘要

This study presents a theoretical analysis of the sensitivity of the surface plasmon polariton waves (SPPs) at a gain-assisted four-level N-type atomic system by exploiting the scheme of electromagnetically induced gain and propagation of the SPPs along the gain-assisted atomic-metal interface. The significant control over the sensitivity of the SPPs with system and driving field parameters, such as control and probe fields detuning, control field Rabi frequency, and decay rates, is reported. The sensitivity is the oscillation function of phase and decay rate, and the high value of sensitivity of the SPPs is examined to be 2000 \(^{\circ }\) ∘ /RIU. The small value of sensitivity is noted to be 140 \(^{\circ }\) ∘ /RIU with control fields Rabi frequencies. The modified result in this paper shows useful applications in biosensors, nano-photonic devices, and solar cells.