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<p>The second near-infrared (NIR-II, 1000–1700&#xa0;nm) window is advantageous for bioimaging due to its deep tissue penetration and low autofluorescence. Despite these benefits, creating highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanoprobes in this range is challenging. This study introduces an ultra-sensitive SERS nanoprobe developed using plasmonic engineering. We selected the commercial Raman dye IR1061, with an absorption peak at 1061&#xa0;nm, and synthesized gold nanotriangles (AuNTs) to absorb visible light and transfer energy to NIR-II phonons. The combination of IR1061 and AuNTs significantly improved the nanoprobe's sensitivity to 116 fM in the NIR-II window, due to enhanced electromagnetic fields and SERS effects. Theoretical analysis shows AuNTs have stronger electromagnetic hotspots than gold nanorods, enhancing SERS sensitivity. The nanoprobe penetrates pig tissue over 4&#xa0;mm and agarose gels up to 5&#xa0;cm. This work presents a novel approach to ultra-sensitive NIR-II SERS nanoprobes for bioimaging and diagnostics. It can not only overcome the bottleneck of traditional imaging technology, but also provide strong support for high-resolution imaging of deep tissues and provide more accurate information for clinical diagnosis and treatment.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Designing Ultrasensitive NIR-II SERS Nanoprobes: Achieved via Plasmonic Engineering

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月10日

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  • Yifan Wu,
  • Wenhao Zhou,
  • Baihong An

摘要

The second near-infrared (NIR-II, 1000–1700 nm) window is advantageous for bioimaging due to its deep tissue penetration and low autofluorescence. Despite these benefits, creating highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanoprobes in this range is challenging. This study introduces an ultra-sensitive SERS nanoprobe developed using plasmonic engineering. We selected the commercial Raman dye IR1061, with an absorption peak at 1061 nm, and synthesized gold nanotriangles (AuNTs) to absorb visible light and transfer energy to NIR-II phonons. The combination of IR1061 and AuNTs significantly improved the nanoprobe's sensitivity to 116 fM in the NIR-II window, due to enhanced electromagnetic fields and SERS effects. Theoretical analysis shows AuNTs have stronger electromagnetic hotspots than gold nanorods, enhancing SERS sensitivity. The nanoprobe penetrates pig tissue over 4 mm and agarose gels up to 5 cm. This work presents a novel approach to ultra-sensitive NIR-II SERS nanoprobes for bioimaging and diagnostics. It can not only overcome the bottleneck of traditional imaging technology, but also provide strong support for high-resolution imaging of deep tissues and provide more accurate information for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Graphical Abstract