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<p>The wave-type ionic plasmon-polariton model of the fast stimulus in saltatory conduction in myelinated axons is detailed, based on its previous tentative formulation. The new study of faster wave packets of plasmon-polaritons is now developed. The properties of plasmon-polariton wave packet fit to observe speedy signaling in myelinated axons, which is by two orders of magnitude faster than the upper limit of the diffusion current speed in these axons assessed in the framework of the conventional cable model. Plasmon-polaritons do not carry any net ion current and are not limited by the relatively poor conduction of ions in neuron cytoplasm, in contrast to ion diffusion. Other properties of plasmon-polariton stimulus (like size and temperature dependence of its velocity, or ability to jump across gaps impossible to be passed by the diffusive current and the frequency of ion oscillations) also agree with observations and have been studied in detail in the model taking an advantage of its transparent analytical formulation. Plasmon-polaritons are undamped excitations with long-range propagation if they are synchronized with the time scale of the triggering of the opening of Na<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11468_2024_2694_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="10" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="11" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(^+\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mo>+</mo> </mmultiscripts> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> transmembrane channels at periodically distributed nodes of Ranvier in myelinated axons. The properties of the plasmon-polariton stimulus in myelinated axons, including its band structure, frequency, damping, and singularities in its dynamics, are detailed.</p>

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Ionic Plasmon-Polaritons in Neural Signaling I: Structure and Dynamics of Plasmon-Polaritons in Myelinated Axons

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月31日

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  • Janusz Jacak,
  • Witold Jacak

摘要

The wave-type ionic plasmon-polariton model of the fast stimulus in saltatory conduction in myelinated axons is detailed, based on its previous tentative formulation. The new study of faster wave packets of plasmon-polaritons is now developed. The properties of plasmon-polariton wave packet fit to observe speedy signaling in myelinated axons, which is by two orders of magnitude faster than the upper limit of the diffusion current speed in these axons assessed in the framework of the conventional cable model. Plasmon-polaritons do not carry any net ion current and are not limited by the relatively poor conduction of ions in neuron cytoplasm, in contrast to ion diffusion. Other properties of plasmon-polariton stimulus (like size and temperature dependence of its velocity, or ability to jump across gaps impossible to be passed by the diffusive current and the frequency of ion oscillations) also agree with observations and have been studied in detail in the model taking an advantage of its transparent analytical formulation. Plasmon-polaritons are undamped excitations with long-range propagation if they are synchronized with the time scale of the triggering of the opening of Na \(^+\) + transmembrane channels at periodically distributed nodes of Ranvier in myelinated axons. The properties of the plasmon-polariton stimulus in myelinated axons, including its band structure, frequency, damping, and singularities in its dynamics, are detailed.