Advanced SPR Sensor for Human Sperm Analysis: Leveraging Silver and Nanomaterials for Enhanced Performance

The issue of infertility is becoming more and more pressing, requiring accurate diagnostic instruments for efficient sperm analysis. In this work, a novel surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor intended for the detection of human sperm is presented. The plasmonic metal used in the sensor is silver (Ag), and to improve performance, layers of selenium (Se) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are added. We used the transfer matrix method (TMM) to attain a 250 degree/RIU peak angular sensitivity. The Figure of merit (FoM) is 34.075 RIU⁻¹, and the detection accuracy (DA) is 0.1319 degree⁻¹. Compared to current SPR sensors, these metrics show notable improvements in sensitivity and overall performance, particularly in detecting low sperm concentrations. With its increased sensitivity and precision, this novel biosensor presents a viable option for improved fertility diagnostics.