Hafnium Diselenide 2D Material-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor for Detection of Basal Cancer

Two-dimensional (2D) material-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor is proposed to detect the basal cancer at 633 nm wavelength. This work detects the analyte between refractive index (RI) 1.33 and 1.335 and also detects the particular application, such as normal and cancer basal cells (NBC and CBC), considered for analysis. This sensor consists of BK7 prism, gold (Au), and hafnium diselenide (HfSe₂) materials which analyzed the performance parameters like sensitivity, full width at half maximum (FWHM), detection accuracy (DA), figure of merit (FoM), and penetration depth (PD). The sensitivity through the proposed sensor is maximum at a specific thickness of the Au layer. Calculated values of sensitivity for the proposed sensor are 275.47°/RIU with analyte RI of 1.33–1.335. Moreover, for basal cancer, the maximum sensitivity of 280.06°/RIU is achieved. The proposed sensor with high sensitivity is a suitable structure for the diagnosis of various cancer type applications.