High-Performance BlueP/WS₂ Heterostructure-Based GO-Coated Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor for Rapid Detection of Cancer Cells

In the quest for advanced biosensors catering to the urgent need for early cancer detection, this research presents the development of a novel surface plasmon resonance biosensor featuring BlueP/WS₂ heterostructure, coated with GO to enhance its performance. The proposed configuration of the sensor is BAK1 prism-Ag-BaTiO₃-BlueP/WS₂-Ni-GO. The design and assessment of the sensor are conducted utilizing COMSOL Multiphysics software based on the finite element approach, and the obtained results demonstrate significant sensitivity in the detection of several cancer cells. The performance of this biosensor exhibits superior capabilities across a broad spectrum of refractive index fluctuations in the sensing medium, encompassing biological fluids, and has been specifically designed for the purpose of detecting various types of cancer cells. Among them, the sensor demonstrates a maximum sensitivity of 387°/RIU for the detection of breast (MCF-7) cancer cells. The sensitivities achieved in order to identify diverse forms of cancer cells are accompanied by a maximum quality factor, detection accuracy, and figure of merit values of 163.35 RIU⁻¹, 2.28 deg⁻¹, and 92.92 RIU⁻¹ respectively. The sensor shows promising results and could have a greater prospect in detecting distinct kinds of cancerous cells.