Opto-fluidic Plasmon Resonance Biosensor Based on Graphene-Black Phosphorous Hybrid for Diabetes Diagnosis

This work proposes sensitive biosensors made of various layers of hybrid graphene-plasmonic-black phosphorous configurations. The proposed system consists of different half-ring and straight-shaped waveguides (made of graphene, phosphorene, and Au). The analyte (glucose) would be in touch with the device from the upper side of the structure. To increase the absorption of the devices, four different designs have been proposed and compared. Effects of various factors on the device performance have also been studied. It has been demonstrated that adjusting the geometrical factors like “R₁, R₂, R₃, and h” and chemical potentials like “E_f1 and E_f2” can impact the device’s absorption, and they have been fine-tuned to achieve maximum absorption. After improving the performance of the proposed system and getting to the improved (best) absorption, its performance as a biosensor will be analyzed with the aim of the measurement of glucose concentrations in blood samples. The proposed opto-fluidic biosensor exhibited high-performance parameters. The Q-Factor, FWHM, FOM, and sensitivity of (63.5–70.18), 28 nm, 101.78 RIU⁻¹, and 2850 nm/RIU have been obtained for the presented biosensor, respectively. The suggested BP-graphene biosensor exhibits a promising bio-sensing functionality in integrated photonic circuits.