Achieving a Wonderful Efficiency Enhancement in Ultra-thin Film Perovskite Solar Cells, Utilizing a Single-Step Grating (SSG) Structure and Plasmonic Ag Nanoparticle

This article demonstrates a significant enhancement in the efficiency of an ultra-thin film perovskite solar cell. This has been achieved through the combination of a single-step grating (SSG) structure with metal nanoparticles. To investigate this phenomenon, a comparison is conducted between the proposed structure and plasmonic flat solar cell, by evaluating optical and electrical parameters. In both cases, hollowed cubic and cylindrical silver nanoparticles are utilized on the back surface of the active layer, and their size is optimized, considering metal absorption losses. Additionally, to eliminate the negative impact of perovskite on metals, a Si₃N₄ dielectric shell is added to the optimized nanoparticles. As a result, the proposed case in this study achieved an efficiency of 25.95%, displaying a 50% improvement compared to the plasmonic flat sample (with an efficiency of 17.40%). In summary, while the individual grating exhibits poor performance in thin active layers, its inclusion in solar cells has greatly enhanced the plasmonic effect of particles.