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<p>This study systematically analyzes Chinese export ceramics (7th–13th centuries) excavated in Southeast Asia, South Asia, and the Islamic World, as well as from shipwrecks in Chinese and Southeast Asian waters. Three peaks in export volume are identified during this period (9th, 11th, 13th centuries), dominated respectively by Changsha kiln, Southern China kilns (primarily Yue kiln celadon), and Longquan kiln. The three peaks in Chinese ceramic exports were marked by an evolution in the typology and production sites of the wares, and also corresponded with key advancements in navigational technology, a shift in trade patterns from direct shipping to transshipment, the maturation of long-distance maritime routes, and a broadening of the consumer base from elites to commoners. These patterns reflect the dynamics and development of the maritime trade mechanism.</p>

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Trade Follows the Sea: A Quantitative Analysis of Three Peaks in Chinese Ceramic Exports During the 7th–13th Centuries

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月24日

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  • Weile Li

摘要

This study systematically analyzes Chinese export ceramics (7th–13th centuries) excavated in Southeast Asia, South Asia, and the Islamic World, as well as from shipwrecks in Chinese and Southeast Asian waters. Three peaks in export volume are identified during this period (9th, 11th, 13th centuries), dominated respectively by Changsha kiln, Southern China kilns (primarily Yue kiln celadon), and Longquan kiln. The three peaks in Chinese ceramic exports were marked by an evolution in the typology and production sites of the wares, and also corresponded with key advancements in navigational technology, a shift in trade patterns from direct shipping to transshipment, the maturation of long-distance maritime routes, and a broadening of the consumer base from elites to commoners. These patterns reflect the dynamics and development of the maritime trade mechanism.