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<p>This article examines how the sea and water were incorporated in the palatial environments of Minoan Crete, with a focus on Knossos and Zakros where some distinctive material and symbolic maritime and water elements were present, especially in the Neopalatial period (ca. 1750–1490 Before Current Era). We consider a set of specific water elements at Knossos and Zakros and their wider architectural context as an experienced environment in relation to the Minoan marine iconography and other material related to Bronze Age Cretan engagements with the sea and water. Palatial spaces are regarded as reflecting Cretan landscapes and movement through landscapes, architectural and natural, as central to our analysis. The sea is an inherently ambiguous and mysterious entity, and we argue that this resonates with the ambiguous and disorienting experience of palatial space. Finally, we discuss the relationships between the marine and subterranean realms, between rock and water, and the connections of the palaces with subterranean and underwater other worlds.</p>

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Below the Surface: Water Elements, Palatial Space and Connections with Otherworlds in Minoan Crete

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月2日

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  • Jonas Rapakko,
  • Vesa-Pekka Herva

摘要

This article examines how the sea and water were incorporated in the palatial environments of Minoan Crete, with a focus on Knossos and Zakros where some distinctive material and symbolic maritime and water elements were present, especially in the Neopalatial period (ca. 1750–1490 Before Current Era). We consider a set of specific water elements at Knossos and Zakros and their wider architectural context as an experienced environment in relation to the Minoan marine iconography and other material related to Bronze Age Cretan engagements with the sea and water. Palatial spaces are regarded as reflecting Cretan landscapes and movement through landscapes, architectural and natural, as central to our analysis. The sea is an inherently ambiguous and mysterious entity, and we argue that this resonates with the ambiguous and disorienting experience of palatial space. Finally, we discuss the relationships between the marine and subterranean realms, between rock and water, and the connections of the palaces with subterranean and underwater other worlds.