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<p>The Dongting Lake Basin, a key ecological barrier in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, is under increasing pressure from climate change and human activities. We quantified the ecological environment quality (EEQ) from 2001 to 2021 using the Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI) in the Google Earth Engine (GEE). We analyzed the spatiotemporal variations of EEQ and major natural and anthropogenic factors and applied the Geodetector model to estimate their individual contributions and interactive effects. The results showed that the mean RSEI increased by 0.0045/yr, indicating overall improvement in EEQ across the basin. Restoration occurred over 86.38% of the basin, whereas degradation was limited to 9.84%. Anthropogenic-driven vegetation improvement (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI), temperature variations, and land-use/land-cover change (LUCC) were identified as the primary drivers of this phenomenon. Interactive effects between NDVI and LUCC and NDVI and temperature were stronger than single-factor effects. Moderate increases in temperature associated with climate change can enhance EEQ, whereas excessive warming can threaten ecosystem stability. Ecological restoration projects improved EEQ by increasing the vegetation cover and altering LUCC, but rapid urbanization and unsuitable afforestation in fragile karst regions led to localized degradation. These findings highlight the management trade-offs and support sustainable, site-specific strategies to enhance basin resilience under continued warming.</p>

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Influence of human activities on changes in the ecological environment of the Dongting Lake Basin over the past two decades under climate change

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月28日

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  • Qing Peng,
  • Yelin Jiang,
  • Weiguang Liu,
  • Cheng Li

摘要

The Dongting Lake Basin, a key ecological barrier in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, is under increasing pressure from climate change and human activities. We quantified the ecological environment quality (EEQ) from 2001 to 2021 using the Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI) in the Google Earth Engine (GEE). We analyzed the spatiotemporal variations of EEQ and major natural and anthropogenic factors and applied the Geodetector model to estimate their individual contributions and interactive effects. The results showed that the mean RSEI increased by 0.0045/yr, indicating overall improvement in EEQ across the basin. Restoration occurred over 86.38% of the basin, whereas degradation was limited to 9.84%. Anthropogenic-driven vegetation improvement (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI), temperature variations, and land-use/land-cover change (LUCC) were identified as the primary drivers of this phenomenon. Interactive effects between NDVI and LUCC and NDVI and temperature were stronger than single-factor effects. Moderate increases in temperature associated with climate change can enhance EEQ, whereas excessive warming can threaten ecosystem stability. Ecological restoration projects improved EEQ by increasing the vegetation cover and altering LUCC, but rapid urbanization and unsuitable afforestation in fragile karst regions led to localized degradation. These findings highlight the management trade-offs and support sustainable, site-specific strategies to enhance basin resilience under continued warming.