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<p>Human activities have significantly impacted the land surface temperature (LST), endangering human health; however, the relationship between these two factors has not been adequately quantified. This study comprehensively constructs a Human Activity Intensity (HAI) index and employs the Maximal Information Coefficient, four-quadrant model, and XGBoost-SHAP model to investigate the spatiotemporal relationship and influencing factors of HAI-LST in the Yellow River Basin (YRB) from 2000 to 2020. The results indicated that from 2000 to 2020, as HAI and LST increased, the static HAI-LST relationship in the YRB showed a positive correlation that continued to strengthen. This dynamic relationship exhibited conflicting development, with the proportion of coordinated to conflicting regions shifting from 1:4 to 1:2, indicating a reduction in conflict intensity. Notably, only the degree of conflict in the source area decreased significantly, whereas it intensified in the upper and lower reaches. The key factors influencing the HAI-LST relationship include fractional vegetation cover, slope, precipitation, and evapotranspiration, along with region-specific factors such as PM<sub>2.5</sub>, biodiversity, and elevation. Based on these findings, region-specific ecological management strategies have been proposed to mitigate conflict-prone areas and alleviate thermal stress, thereby providing important guidance for promoting harmonious development between humans and nature.</p>

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Mapping interaction between human activities and land surface temperature in the Yellow River Basin

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月28日

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  • Zhongwu Zhang,
  • Xue Bai,
  • Zhe Li,
  • Xin Yue,
  • Xin Zhang,
  • Shuo Yang,
  • Lu Wang

摘要

Human activities have significantly impacted the land surface temperature (LST), endangering human health; however, the relationship between these two factors has not been adequately quantified. This study comprehensively constructs a Human Activity Intensity (HAI) index and employs the Maximal Information Coefficient, four-quadrant model, and XGBoost-SHAP model to investigate the spatiotemporal relationship and influencing factors of HAI-LST in the Yellow River Basin (YRB) from 2000 to 2020. The results indicated that from 2000 to 2020, as HAI and LST increased, the static HAI-LST relationship in the YRB showed a positive correlation that continued to strengthen. This dynamic relationship exhibited conflicting development, with the proportion of coordinated to conflicting regions shifting from 1:4 to 1:2, indicating a reduction in conflict intensity. Notably, only the degree of conflict in the source area decreased significantly, whereas it intensified in the upper and lower reaches. The key factors influencing the HAI-LST relationship include fractional vegetation cover, slope, precipitation, and evapotranspiration, along with region-specific factors such as PM2.5, biodiversity, and elevation. Based on these findings, region-specific ecological management strategies have been proposed to mitigate conflict-prone areas and alleviate thermal stress, thereby providing important guidance for promoting harmonious development between humans and nature.