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<p>The Neolithic period at the Wutaishan site (WTS) in China provides valuable insights into the utilization of plant and animal resources by ancient communities. This study employed a comprehensive archaeological approach to examine animal and plant remains excavated from the WTS site. The findings reveal a primary reliance on animal resources by the site’s inhabitants, which were utilized extensively for food acquisition, tool manufacturing, and clothing production. The community predominantly targeted small herbivores, land birds, and specific fish species for sustenance while also domesticating animals such as dogs for hunting assistance and as a food source. In comparison, plants played a slightly lesser role but remained significant. The residents supplemented their diet through the collection of wild plants and the cultivation of crops, with broomcorn millet being more prevalent. Additionally, the discovery of cannabis seeds reflects the characteristic agricultural structure of Northeast China in the early stage. The inhabitants of the WTS site employed a diversified livelihood strategy encompassing hunting, gathering, farming, and animal husbandry. This comprehensive lifestyle supported their settled existence and marked a transition from a hunter-gatherer to an agricultural society. These practices facilitated ecosystem sustainability and the maintenance of a relatively harmonious relationship with the environment.</p>

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Hunting, gathering, planting, and animal rearing: Utilization of animal and plant resources at the Wutaishan site (5800–5300 a BP), Songhua River Basin, Northeast China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月17日

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  • Lin Ban,
  • Wuyu Zhou,
  • Xiaohong Lyu,
  • Yixue Wang,
  • Yonggang Sun,
  • Chunxue Wang

摘要

The Neolithic period at the Wutaishan site (WTS) in China provides valuable insights into the utilization of plant and animal resources by ancient communities. This study employed a comprehensive archaeological approach to examine animal and plant remains excavated from the WTS site. The findings reveal a primary reliance on animal resources by the site’s inhabitants, which were utilized extensively for food acquisition, tool manufacturing, and clothing production. The community predominantly targeted small herbivores, land birds, and specific fish species for sustenance while also domesticating animals such as dogs for hunting assistance and as a food source. In comparison, plants played a slightly lesser role but remained significant. The residents supplemented their diet through the collection of wild plants and the cultivation of crops, with broomcorn millet being more prevalent. Additionally, the discovery of cannabis seeds reflects the characteristic agricultural structure of Northeast China in the early stage. The inhabitants of the WTS site employed a diversified livelihood strategy encompassing hunting, gathering, farming, and animal husbandry. This comprehensive lifestyle supported their settled existence and marked a transition from a hunter-gatherer to an agricultural society. These practices facilitated ecosystem sustainability and the maintenance of a relatively harmonious relationship with the environment.