Spatial distribution changes and habitat conservation of medicinal plant diversity in the Yinshan Mountains (China) under climate change
摘要
Medicinal plant diversity (MPD) is an indispensable part of global plant diversity, serving as the foundation for human survival by offering remedies and preventive measures against diseases. However, factors such as overexploitation, competition from invasive alien species, and climate change, threaten the habitats of medicinal plants, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of their spatial distribution and suitable habitats. We leveraged a decade of field survey data on medicinal plant distribution in the Yinshan Mountains, combined with spatial analysis, species distribution modeling, and the Carnegie Ames Stanford Approach (CASA) to explore the MPD spatial distribution and suitable habitats. Spatial analysis revealed that the central and eastern parts of Yinshan Mountains were the primary MPD hotspots, with no cold spots evident at various spatial scales. As the spatial scale decreased, previous non-significant regions transformed into hotspots, with instances where large-scale hotspots became insignificant. These findings offer valuable guidance for safeguarding and nurturing MPD across diverse spatial scales. In future climate change scenarios within the shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP), the habitat suitability for MPD in the Yinshan Mountains predominantly remains concentrated in the central and eastern regions. Notably, areas with high net primary productivity (NPP) values and abundant vegetation coverage align closely with MPD habitat suitability areas, potentially contributing to the region’s rich MPD.