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<p>Since 2000, China’s investment in Africa has grown rapidly, following a steady upward trajectory. However, this influx of Chinese capital has sparked both economic and political controversies. By integrating multi-source data—from micro-level individual projects to national statistics—this study examines the impact of Chinese investment on African economic development between 2000 and 2022. The results reveal a significant positive correlation between Chinese investment and economic growth across different scales, with investment-intensive regions achieving stronger economic outcomes. The DID analysis indicates that the Belt and Road Initiative has contributed positively to Africa’s economic development. Both static and dynamic panel models confirm that Chinese investment significantly stimulates growth, exhibiting notable lag effects. Furthermore, <i>β</i>-convergence models demonstrate that Chinese investment fosters economic convergence among African countries. Regarding regional inequality, the findings suggest that Chinese investment helps to narrow disparities across Africa, promoting a more balanced economic landscape. Overall, this research underscores the constructive role of China’s investment in fostering economic growth and reducing inequality within the African context.</p>

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Chinese investment promoted economic growth while reducing inequality in African countries

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月14日

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  • Tongze Guo,
  • Guanpeng Dong,
  • Dongyang Yang,
  • Dexin Liu

摘要

Since 2000, China’s investment in Africa has grown rapidly, following a steady upward trajectory. However, this influx of Chinese capital has sparked both economic and political controversies. By integrating multi-source data—from micro-level individual projects to national statistics—this study examines the impact of Chinese investment on African economic development between 2000 and 2022. The results reveal a significant positive correlation between Chinese investment and economic growth across different scales, with investment-intensive regions achieving stronger economic outcomes. The DID analysis indicates that the Belt and Road Initiative has contributed positively to Africa’s economic development. Both static and dynamic panel models confirm that Chinese investment significantly stimulates growth, exhibiting notable lag effects. Furthermore, β-convergence models demonstrate that Chinese investment fosters economic convergence among African countries. Regarding regional inequality, the findings suggest that Chinese investment helps to narrow disparities across Africa, promoting a more balanced economic landscape. Overall, this research underscores the constructive role of China’s investment in fostering economic growth and reducing inequality within the African context.