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<p>The engineering application of microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) is significantly constrained by soil matrix properties. Particularly in low-permeability soils, the mechanisms by which pore structure and mineral composition regulate the precipitation process remain poorly understood. Targeting the low-permeability Pisha sandstone, we systematically evaluate four MICP treatment processes: undiluted bacterial suspension injection (UDS), diluted bacterial suspension injection (DS), the mixed seepage method (MW), and the saturated mixed seepage method (SMW). The results indicate that under the same number of treatment cycles, employing the MW method and regulating the soil moisture content within 10–18% effectively reconstructs the soil pore structure and promotes uniform migration and colonization of bacteria along the depth profile. This optimized approach synergistically enhances the conversion efficiency and spatial uniformity of calcium carbonate precipitation, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the treated soil and drastically reducing its disintegration index. Moreover, microstructural analyses reveal that montmorillonite induces the heterogeneous nucleation of calcium carbonate through interlayer cation exchange (e.g., Na<sup>+</sup>) and interfacial hydroxyl interactions. Simultaneously, the liquid bridge effect establishes directional crystallization channels between particles, which ultimately evolve into an intertwined three-dimensional network of calcium carbonate and clay. Furthermore, TG–FTIR analysis confirmed that the thermal decomposition temperature of this composite structure increased from 778&#xa0;°C to 801–804&#xa0;°C, and the release behavior of water molecules during decomposition verified the existence of an interfacial hydrogen bond network. This study elucidates the regulatory mechanisms of biomineralization in low-permeability cohesive soils, providing theoretical support for bio-solidification applications involving extremely water-sensitive geomaterials.</p>

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Microbial stabilization strategies and synergistic cementation mechanisms for low-permeability soils

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月23日

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  • Zhuojun Feng,
  • Xiaoli Li

摘要

The engineering application of microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) is significantly constrained by soil matrix properties. Particularly in low-permeability soils, the mechanisms by which pore structure and mineral composition regulate the precipitation process remain poorly understood. Targeting the low-permeability Pisha sandstone, we systematically evaluate four MICP treatment processes: undiluted bacterial suspension injection (UDS), diluted bacterial suspension injection (DS), the mixed seepage method (MW), and the saturated mixed seepage method (SMW). The results indicate that under the same number of treatment cycles, employing the MW method and regulating the soil moisture content within 10–18% effectively reconstructs the soil pore structure and promotes uniform migration and colonization of bacteria along the depth profile. This optimized approach synergistically enhances the conversion efficiency and spatial uniformity of calcium carbonate precipitation, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the treated soil and drastically reducing its disintegration index. Moreover, microstructural analyses reveal that montmorillonite induces the heterogeneous nucleation of calcium carbonate through interlayer cation exchange (e.g., Na+) and interfacial hydroxyl interactions. Simultaneously, the liquid bridge effect establishes directional crystallization channels between particles, which ultimately evolve into an intertwined three-dimensional network of calcium carbonate and clay. Furthermore, TG–FTIR analysis confirmed that the thermal decomposition temperature of this composite structure increased from 778 °C to 801–804 °C, and the release behavior of water molecules during decomposition verified the existence of an interfacial hydrogen bond network. This study elucidates the regulatory mechanisms of biomineralization in low-permeability cohesive soils, providing theoretical support for bio-solidification applications involving extremely water-sensitive geomaterials.