<p>Anchor chain configurations in seabed are important for the design of offshore anchors. A comprehensive understanding of the chain configuration for pile-type anchors in sand seabed has not been achieved. To address this gap, a series of centrifuge model tests using model chains was conducted to investigate chain embedment behaviour in sand. Chain positions and associated soil deformation were captured using the particle image velocimetry (PIV) method. A novel prediction method for chain configuration in sand was proposed, that accounts for distinct failure mechanisms in horizontal and vertical chain segments, together with the progressive mobilisation of soil resistances. After validation against centrifuge observations, additional parameter studies with different chain diameters were performed. Findings indicate that during the embedment, the sand in front of the chain moves nearly perpendicular to the chain orientation, while the soil behind the chain moves downward under the influence of gravity. The extent of soil deformation increases initially and then localises around the chain. Larger chain diameters were found to induce higher vertical loads on the anchor, which may be detrimental to anchor performance. This study advances the understanding of chain configurations in sand and provides useful insights for anchor design.</p>