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<p>Driven by thriving offshore wind energy development, monopile-supported offshore wind turbines (OWTs) may be installed in seismically active regions&#xa0;and are&#xa0;therefore exposed to potential risks from earthquakes. In reality, scour and wind-wave loads inevitably affect the seismic performance of OWTs, yet their effects are rarely considered&#xa0;holistically in seismic design and serviceability assessment of OWTs. In this study, a series of numerical simulations are performed on the seismic response of monopile-supported OWTs installed in a&#xa0;sandy seabed considering the combined influence of earthquake, post-scour conditions, and wind-wave loads. The numerical simulation approach is first validated against centrifuge shaking table test results. The seismic response of monopile-supported OWTs under different post-scour conditions is investigated for both seismic load alone&#xa0;and combined seismic and wind-wave loads. The influence of scour depth on the dynamic and permanent seismic response of the wind turbine is found to be strongly dependent on input motion frequency. The combination of seismic and wind-wave loads results in significantly greater dynamic lateral displacement, rotation, and permanent deformation, all of&#xa0;which are amplified as scour depth increases. These findings highlight the importance of explicitly considering post-scour conditions and wind-wave loads in seismic design of OWTs to assess potential impacts on their serviceability and operational availability.</p>

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Seismic response of monopile-supported offshore wind turbines considering post-scour conditions and wind-wave loads

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月31日

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  • Tianpeng Wang,
  • Zhiping Wang,
  • Zhenbiao Liu,
  • Jian-Min Zhang,
  • Rui Wang

摘要

Driven by thriving offshore wind energy development, monopile-supported offshore wind turbines (OWTs) may be installed in seismically active regions and are therefore exposed to potential risks from earthquakes. In reality, scour and wind-wave loads inevitably affect the seismic performance of OWTs, yet their effects are rarely considered holistically in seismic design and serviceability assessment of OWTs. In this study, a series of numerical simulations are performed on the seismic response of monopile-supported OWTs installed in a sandy seabed considering the combined influence of earthquake, post-scour conditions, and wind-wave loads. The numerical simulation approach is first validated against centrifuge shaking table test results. The seismic response of monopile-supported OWTs under different post-scour conditions is investigated for both seismic load alone and combined seismic and wind-wave loads. The influence of scour depth on the dynamic and permanent seismic response of the wind turbine is found to be strongly dependent on input motion frequency. The combination of seismic and wind-wave loads results in significantly greater dynamic lateral displacement, rotation, and permanent deformation, all of which are amplified as scour depth increases. These findings highlight the importance of explicitly considering post-scour conditions and wind-wave loads in seismic design of OWTs to assess potential impacts on their serviceability and operational availability.