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<p>In soft soil formations, grouting or surcharge loading can easily induce surrounding soil displacement, which in turn imposes additional passive loads on pile foundations. Accurately determining the deformation response of piles is crucial for assessing their safety. This study proposes a method for calculating passive loads on piles based on soil displacement. The method considers the soil between the inclinometer and the pile as the research object and employs the hardening soil (HS) model to characterize stress–strain behavior. The lateral soil resistance is represented using a nonlinear <i>p-y</i> curve to capture the differences in resistance between soft clay and sand layers. The calculated results from the proposed method show a high degree of agreement with measured values in both trend and magnitude. Additionally, iterative updates of the soil modulus using the HS model yield more accurate results compared to using a constant modulus, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed calculation approach. These findings provide a practical tool for estimating pile deformation based on surrounding soil displacement and improving the deformation assessment of piles under complex ground conditions.</p>

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A novel method for calculating bridge pile response utilizing lateral soil displacement based on the hardening soil model

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月25日

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  • Zhijie Peng,
  • Tingjin Liu,
  • Liangyi Cai

摘要

In soft soil formations, grouting or surcharge loading can easily induce surrounding soil displacement, which in turn imposes additional passive loads on pile foundations. Accurately determining the deformation response of piles is crucial for assessing their safety. This study proposes a method for calculating passive loads on piles based on soil displacement. The method considers the soil between the inclinometer and the pile as the research object and employs the hardening soil (HS) model to characterize stress–strain behavior. The lateral soil resistance is represented using a nonlinear p-y curve to capture the differences in resistance between soft clay and sand layers. The calculated results from the proposed method show a high degree of agreement with measured values in both trend and magnitude. Additionally, iterative updates of the soil modulus using the HS model yield more accurate results compared to using a constant modulus, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed calculation approach. These findings provide a practical tool for estimating pile deformation based on surrounding soil displacement and improving the deformation assessment of piles under complex ground conditions.